Abnormal Psychology Second Canadian Edition

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Transcript Abnormal Psychology Second Canadian Edition

Abnormal
Psychology
Second Canadian Edition
Gerald C. Davison
John M. Neale
Kirk R. Blankstein
Gordon L. Flett
Prepared by:
Traci McFarlane
Chapter 11
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia
• Schizophrenia

Psychotic disorder characterized by major
disturbances in thought, emotion, and
behaviour
 Disordered thinking in which ideas are not
logically related, faulty perception and
attention, flat or inappropriate affect, and
bizarre disturbances in motor activity
Clinical Symptoms of Schizophrenia
• Positive symptoms

Excesses or distortions
 Disorganized speech (thought disorder)
• Incoherence
• Loose associations
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Delusions
 Hallucinations
Clinical Symptoms of Schizophrenia
• Negative symptoms
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Behavioural deficits
Avolition
Alogia
Anhedonia
Flat affect
Asociality
Clinical Symptoms of Schizophrenia
• Other symptoms
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Catatonia
• Catatonic immobility
• Waxy flexibility
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Inappropriate affect
Differential Diagnosis
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Mood disorders
Schizoaffective disorder
Personality disorders
Schizophreniform disorder
Brief psychotic episode
Delusional disorder
Categories of Schizophrenia in
DSM-IV
• Disorganized schizophrenia
• Catatonic schizophrenia
• Paranoid schizophrenia
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Delusions of persecution
 Grandiose delusions
 Delusional jealousy
 Ideas of reference
• Evaluation of the subtypes
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Undifferentiated schizophrenia
 Residual schizophrenia
Etiology of Schizophrenia
• Genetic data
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Family studies
 Twin studies
 Adoption studies
Etiology of Schizophrenia
• Biochemical factors
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Dopamine activity
The Brain and Schizophrenia
Etiology of Schizophrenia
• Psychological stress
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Social class and schizophrenia
• Sociogenic hypothesis
• Social-selection theory
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The family and schizophrenia
• Schizophrenic mother
• Expressed emotion (EE)
Therapies for Schizophrenia
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Biological treatments
Psychological treatments
Case management
Study by Paul & Lentz (1977)
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Social learning ward
 Milieu therapy ward
 Routine hospital managment
Biological Treatments
• Shock and psychosurgery
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Prefrontal lobotomy
• Drug Therapies
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Phenothiazine: Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
Butyrophenones: Haloperidol (Haldol)
Thioxanthene: Thiothixene (Navane)
Tricyclic dibenzodiazepine: Clozapine
(Clozaril)
Thienbenzodiazepine: Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
Benzisoxazole: Risperidone (Risperdal)
Psychological Treatments
• Psychodynamic therapies
• Social-skills training
• Family therapy and reducing expressed
emotion
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Educating about schizophrenia
Information about medication
Avoiding blaming
Improving communication and problem-solving
Encouraging expanded social contacts
Instilling hope that things can improve
Psychological Treatments
• Cognitive behavioural therapy
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Reframe psychosis
Identify triggers for psychosis
Reduce physiological arousal
Enhance coping skills
Modification of beliefs
• Personal therapy
• Reattribution therapy
• Attending to basic cognitive function
Therapies for Schizophrenia
• Case management
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Assertive Community Treatment (ACT)
• General trends in treatment

Families and patients can be given realistic
and scientifically sound information
 Medication is only part of treatment
 Early intervention affects course and
treatment
 Integrated treatment is not widely available
Copyright
Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved.
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