Transcript Psychological Health

Psychological Health
Chapter 3
Psychological Health


Psychological health versus
psychological normality
What is Mentally normal?
2
3
Defining Psychological Health


A negative definition
A positive definition
4
5
Mental Health
Abraham Maslow

Hierarchy of Needs






Self-Actualized
Realism
Acceptance
Autonomy
Intimacy
Creativity
6
Erikson's Eight Stages of
Personality Development








Trust versus mistrust
Autonomy versus shame and self-doubt
Initiative versus guilt
Industry versus inferiority
Identity versus identity confusion
Intimacy versus isolation
Generativity versus self-absorption
Integrity versus despair
7
Meeting Life’s Challenges

Growing Up Psychologically



Adult identity
Intimacy
Values and Purpose
8
Achieving Healthy Self-esteem




Positive Self Concept
Meeting the Challenges
Less Defensive
Optimism
9
Honest Communications

When you are the speaker:






State your concern as clearly as possible.
Take responsibility for your feelings; use “I” statements.
Avoid generalizations.
Avoid blaming, accusing, and belittling.
Ask for action ahead of time, not after the fact.
As a Listener:




Don’t give unsolicited advice.
Listen reflectively, Don’t interrupt, judge, blame,or evaluate.
Really listen, Try to tune in to the other person’s feelings.
Let the other person know that you value what he or she is
saying and want to understand.
10
Loneliness



Balance.
Unhappiness with being alone.
The passive feeling.
11
Dealing With Anger



Distinguish between gratuitous
expression a reasonable level of selfassertiveness.
Manage your anger.
Dealing with anger in other people.
12
Psychological Disorders

Anxiety








Simple, specific phobias
Social phobias
Panic disorders
Generalized Anxiety disorder (GAD)
Obsessive-Compulsive disorders (OCD)
Compulsions
Post-Traumatic stress disorders (PTSD)
Treatment
13
Mood Disorders

Depression
Signs/Symptoms
 Potential of suicide
 Helping yourself or a friend
 Treatment




Psychotherapy
Drug therapy
ECT
14
Mood Disorders

Suicide
Risk Factors
 Encouragement
 Treatment

15
Psychological Disorders


Mania
Bipolar Disorder


Gender differences
Schizophrenia

General characteristics





Disorganized thoughts
Inappropriate emotions
Delusions
Auditory hallucinations
Deteriorating social and work function
16
Models of Human Nature and
Therapeutic Change

Four Different perspectives
1.
2.
3.
4.

Biological – pharmacological therapy
Behavioral – Stimulus response
reinforcement
Cognitive – Attitudes, behaviors and
feelings
Psychodynamic – thoughts
Evaluation of the models
17
Getting Help

Self Help





Books
Writing a journal
Social groups
Peer counseling
Professional
 Psychiatrists
 Clinical psychologists
 Social workers
 Licensed Counselors
 Clergy
 Treatment Team
18