Transcript Module 8: Examining Active Directory Replication

Module 9: Planning for
Active Directory Data
Recovery and
Maintenance
Overview

Active Directory Data Store Model

Active Directory Data Store Process

Introduction to Active Directory Data Store Files

Maintaining Active Directory

Recovering Active Directory

Planning for Active Directory Backup
Active Directory Data Store Model
Database
File
+
Transaction Log Entries
Not Written to Database
Client Access
Interfaces
The Current Database
Directory System Agent
Database Layer
Extensible Storage Engine Database
NTFS
Active Directory Data Store Process
Create
New User
Transaction Created
Transaction
Log File
Written
Transaction Committed
Transaction Written
Buffered
Database
Written
Transaction Completed
Disk
Database
Written
Introduction to Active Directory Data Store Files
Data Log Files
Transaction Logs
Database File
Checkpoint File
Reserved Logs
Patch File
The Active Directory Database File

Contains All Objects in Active Directory

Single File for Each Domain Controller

Should Be Regularly Backed Up

Can Be Included in Routine File Backup

Stores Information in Tables
The Transaction Log Files
Each Previous Log Is Renamed After 10 MB of Data Is
Accepted
Current Log
Previous Logs
1 MB
3 MB
Renamed
10 MB
Edb.log
New
Edb.log
(10 MB)
EdbOOOO1.log
EdbOOOO2.log
EdbOOOO3.log
.
.
.
Logging Can Be Circular or
Non-circular
Checkpoint Files
Transaction Log
Entries Written
to the Database
Edb.chk
Transaction Log
Entries Not Yet
Written to the
Database
Ntds.dit
Edb.log
Reserved Log Files

Low Disk Space Situations

Assumes the Role of a Normal Transaction Log
Transaction Logs
Res1.log
Res2.log
Patch Files

Patch (.pat) Files Are Only Used During Online Backup

Ntds.pat
Ntds.pat File
Committed
Uncommitted
Ntds.dit File
Maintaining Active Directory

Automatic Database Cleanup

Manual Database Cleanup
Automatic Database Cleanup

Garbage Collection Occurs at 12-Hour Intervals

Unneeded transaction log files deleted

Obsolete objects deleted

Online database defragmentation performed
Manual Database Cleanup


Offline Database Defragmentation Tool

Reorders objects

Can reduce database size
LostAndFound Container

Contains misplaced objects

Should be examined occasionally
Recovering Active Directory

Non-Authoritative Restore

Authoritative Restore

Recovery Without Restore
Non-Authoritative Restore

Depends on Backup, Replication, and Transaction Logs
for Recovery and Includes

Placing domain controller in directory safe mode

Restoring data


Writing flag to registry to trigger a consistency check and
re-indexing
Replicating bringing the restored server to the current
database state
Authoritative Restore

Authoritative Restore Is a Partial Restore
Recovery Without Restore

Use Transaction Logging for Recovery

No restore needed

Circular logging must not be enabled
Planning for Active Directory Backup

Preferred Disk Configurations

Determining Hardware Needs

Creating a Backup Strategy
Preferred Disk Configurations

Enhanced System Performance and Reliability

Preferred Configuration

Place Windows 2000 system files, and Active Directory
database file and transaction log files on separate disks
Determining Hardware Needs

Predict the Size of Your Active Directory

Determine number of objects

Take into consideration the addition of attributes

Test Your Prediction

Double Your Prediction for Actual Production
Creating a Backup Strategy

Hardware

Backup Method

Off-Site Storage

Test Restores
Best Practices
Plan for Backup and Recovery Early
Keep the Database Files and Transaction Logs on Separate Drives
Predict Active Directory Size
Develop, Document, and Enforce a Backup Policy
Lab A: Active Directory Disaster Recovery
Lab B: Active Directory Database Planning
Review

Active Directory Data Store Model

Active Directory Data Store Process

Introduction to Active Directory Data Store Files

Maintaining Active Directory

Recovering Active Directory

Planning for Active Directory Backup