Transcript Anxiety, Somatoform, and Dissociative Disorders

Anxiety,
Somatoform, and
Dissociative
Disorders
Instructions
• You will be asked to fill in the following:
• Definitions of disorders
• Symptoms
• Treatments
• Where to find it
• PowerPoint
• Mayo Clinic: http://www.mayoclinic.org/
• Cleveland Clinic:
http://my.clevelandclinic.org/default.aspx
Anxiety Disorders
• a group of conditions
where the primary
symptoms are anxiety
or defenses against
anxiety.
• the patient fears
something awful will
happen to them.
• They are in a state of
intense apprehension,
uneasiness,
uncertainty, or fear.
Phobias
• A person
experiences sudden
episodes of intense
dread.
• Must be an irrational
fear.
• Phobia List
Phobias
• Symptoms
• A feeling of uncontrollable panic, terror or dread when
you're exposed to the source of your fear
• The feeling that you must do everything possible to avoid
what you fear
• The inability to function normally because of your anxiety
• Physical reactions (Sweating, increased heartbeat)
• Treatments
• Desensitization – Slowly introducing phobia in safe
situations
• Flooding – Overwhelming the person with what they
are afraid of
Famous Phobias
• Jennifer Aniston, Cher, Michael Jackson and Whoopi Goldberg –
flying -- Aviophobia
• Billy Bob Thornton -- antique furniture
• Pamela Anderson – mirrors -- Eisoptrophobia
• Johnny Depp, Daniel Radcliffe and Sean "Diddy" Combs –clowns -Coulrophobia
• Orlando Bloom – pigs -- swinophobia
• Nicole Kidman – butterflies -- Lepidopterophobia
• Kim Basinger and Daryl Hannah -- wide, open spaces -- Agoraphobia
• Carmen Electra -- water -- Hydrophobia
• Sarah Michelle Gellar – graveyards -- Necrophobia
• Christina Ricci -- indoor plants -- Botanophobia
• Matthew McConaughey -- tunnels and revolving doors -Claustrophobia & Orbitagoraphobia
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
GAD
• An anxiety disorder in
which a person is
continuously tense,
apprehensive and in a
state of autonomic
nervous system arousal.
• The patient is
constantly tense and
worried, feels
inadequate, is
oversensitive, can’t
concentrate and
suffers from insomnia.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
• Symptoms
• Constant worrying or
obsession
• Restlessness and
feeling keyed up or on
edge
• Fatigue
• Irritability
• Muscle
• tension or muscle
aches
• Trouble sleeping
• Treatment
• Drugs
• Therapy
Panic Disorder
• An anxiety disorder
marked by a minuteslong episode of
intense dread in which
a person experiences
terror and
accompanying chest
pain, choking and
other frightening
sensations.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
• Persistent
unwanted
thoughts
(obsessions)
cause someone
to feel the need
(compulsion) to
engage in a
particular
action.
• Obsession about
dirt and germs
may lead to
compulsive hand
washing.
Obsessive-Compulsive
Disorder
• Symptoms
• Obsessive
• Fear of contamination or dirt
• Having things orderly and symmetrical
• Unwanted thoughts, including aggression, or sexual or religious
subjects
• Compulsive
•
•
•
•
•
Washing and cleaning
Counting
Checking
Demanding reassurances
Following a strict routine
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
a.k.a. PTSD
• Flashbacks or
nightmares
following a
person’s
involvement in or
observation of an
extremely
stressful event.
• Memories of the
even cause
anxiety.
Somatoform Disorders
• Occur when a
person manifests
a psychological
problem through a
physiological
symptom.
• Two types……
Hypochondriasis
• Has frequent
physical complaints
for which medical
doctors are unable
to locate the cause.
• They usually believe
that the minor
issues (headache,
upset stomach) are
indicative are more
severe illnesses.
Conversion Disorder
• Report the
existence of severe
physical problems
with no biological
reason.
• Like blindness or
paralysis.
Pol Pot
Conversion Disorder
• Symptoms
• Weakness or paralysis
• Abnormal movement, such as
tremors or difficulty walking
• Seizures or convulsions
• Episode of unresponsiveness
• Speech problems
• Vision problems
• Hearing problems or
deafness
• Treatment
•
•
•
•
Counseling
Physical therapy
Treating related stress
Transcranial magnetic
stimulation
• Time
Dissociative Disorders
• These disorders
involve a
disruption in the
conscious process.
• Three types….
Psychogenic Amnesia
• A person cannot remember
things with no physiological
basis for the disruption in
memory.
• Retrograde Amnesia -- inability
to retrieve information that
was acquired before a
particular date
• Anterograde amnesia -inability to transfer new
information from the shortterm store into the long-term
store
• Organic amnesia can be
retrograde or anterograde .
Dissociative Fugue
• One or more
episodes of amnesia
in which the
inability to recall
some or all of one's
past and either the
loss of one's
identity or the
formation of a new
identity occur with
sudden,
unexpected, purposeful travel away
from home.
Dissociative Fugue
• Symptoms
• Sudden and unplanned travel
away from home
• Inability to recall past events or
important information from the
person’s life
• Confusion or loss of memory
about his or her identity,
possibly assuming a new identity
to make up for the loss
• Extreme distress and problems
with daily functioning (due to
the fugue episodes)
• Treatments
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Psychotherapy
Cognitive therapy
Medication
Family therapy
Creative therapies (art
therapy, music therapy)
• Clinical hypnosis
Dissociative Identity
Disorder
• Used to be known as
Multiple Personality
Disorder.
• A person has
several rather than
one integrated
personality.
• People with DID
commonly have a
history of childhood
abuse or trauma.