Transcript Chapter 3 and 4

MENTAL HEALTH
What to expect…
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Movie… “A Beautiful Mind”
Self-Esteem Building Activities
Notes Worksheet
Acting
Lots of Discussion
Stress Reflection Paper
Test
SELF-ESTEEM
How much you value, respect, and feel
confident about yourself.
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Another way to put it…
• Respect for or favorable
impression of oneself
• Self Pride
• Self Respect
Benefits of High Self-Esteem
Increased Self Respect:
They take care of themselves, stay away from drugs and
alcohol, don’t put themselves down, less likely to let
others pressure them.
Increased Ability to Reach Goals:
They have confidence in themselves that they can reach
their goals and will try harder to achieve them.
Increased Willingness To Try Something New:
They don’t get discouraged easily and do not give up.
Increased Feeling of Value:
Feel like they are a valuable part of their family, friends,
school and community and are not afraid to help others.
High Self-Esteem
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Speaks up for self
Respects self and others
Has confidence
Tries new things
Adjusts to change
Feels optimistic
Makes decisions based
on values
• Admit they are not perfect
Low Self-Esteem
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Feels insecure
Disrespects self and others
Vulnerable to peer pressure
Doesn’t feel vulnerable
Feels depressed
Fears failure
Uses drugs and alcohol
Feels pessimistic
Behaves destructively
Self-Concept
• The mental image of your strengths, weaknesses,
status, etc.
• Self-image
• How you view yourself!!
• Leads to the development of
self-esteem, along with
interpreting messages from
others
Jackie Moon
Steve the Pirate
Integrity
1. KNOWING WHAT IS RIGHT
2. DOING WHAT IS RIGHT
3. DOING IT WHEN NOBODY IS
WATCHING
What does integrity have to do
with self-esteem and selfconcept?
Why is communication
important?
1. Prevents
misunderstandings
2. Builds healthy
relationships
3. Expressing yourself-let
others know what you
need and want
3 COMMUNICATION STYLES
1.) Passive: Not offering opposition when
challenged
2.) Aggressive: Hostile and unfriendly in the way
someone expresses themselves
3.) Assertive: Direct and respectful in the way one
expresses oneself
(Circle the one that is most healthy.)
Empathy
Ability to understand another person’s
feelings, attitudes, or behaviors
You can show empathy by…
- having good listening skills
- having an open mind
- having positive body language
Improving your speaking skills…
• Using the tone and pitch of your voice
effectively
• Using “I” messages in a conflict
situation
• Showing empathy for another person
• Be aware of voice volume when
speaking to others
Improving your listening skills…
• Active listening – letting the speaker
know that you are listening and
clarifying anything that is confusing
• Paraphrasing – using your own words
to restate what someone else has said
Characteristics of a Mentally
Healthy Person
1. Sense of control – take charge of their
lives and responsibility for their
behavior
2. Ability to endure failures/frustrations –
persistence through setbacks
3. Ability to see events positively – see
challenges as opportunities
4. Ability to express emotions in a
healthy way
Self Actualization
• Achievement or reaching your full potential
• Process of actualizing
• Gaining independence
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
**Be able to label and identify what is happening at each level of the pyramid for the test
EMOTION
• A feeling that is produced in response to
life’s experiences…
DUH!!!
ANGER, FEAR, JEALOUSY, GUILT, LONLINESS, HAPPINESS, JOY, RELIEF,
The important thing is…HOW YOU MANAGE YOUR EMOTIONS! Talking it out,
blowing of steam by being active, and releasing emotions in creative ways like
drawing or playing an instrument.
ANGER
Keeping it under control…anger can
always be dealt with in an appropriate
manner.
1.) Recognize when you feel angry
2.) Count to 10, take deep breaths,
walk away…whatever you
need to do to calm down
before reacting
3.) Use “I” messages
Defense Mechanisms
Defense Mechanism: Unconscious
behavior used to avoid experiencing an
unpleasant emotion
(These CAN BE healthy ways to cope with emotions!!!!)
EXAMPLES….
Defense Mechanisms
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Compensation-making up for weakness in one area by achieving high in
another area
Daydreaming- imagining pleasant things that take your mind off the
unpleasant reality
DENIAL- refusal to accept reality
DISPLACEMENT- shifting feelings to some or something else
Idealization- copying somebody because you don’t feel comfortable about
yourself
PROJECTION- an attempt to protect one’s self esteem by blaming
unpleasant feelings or inappropriate actions on others
RATIONALIZATION- making excuses for or justifying behavior
Regression- reacting to emotions in a child-like and immature manner
Repression- blocking out painful thoughts or feelings
Sublimation- redirecting negative impulses into positive behavior
page 66
YOUR TURN…ACT IT OUT!
In groups of 2-3…you must act out one of the defense
mechanisms. You’ll have 15 min to plan out your ‘skit’
and then you will perform in front of the class.
EVERYBODY must have a role and it must be school
appropriate.
What are these
people saying
without even
speaking????
Body Language: Nonverbal communication (i.e. winking, opening your eyes wide,
and slumping)
Mental Disorders
An illness that affects a person’s
thoughts, emotions, and behaviors
Many people may not know to get help because they do not
understand their mental disorder or they may be afraid to get help.
They may struggle with everyday routines.
Symptoms
Symptom: a change that a person notices in his or her mind or
body that is caused by a disease or disorder.
• Symptoms usually lead to a diagnosis…
• Only licensed professionals can diagnose a mental disorder
The following are symptoms of mental disorders
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Too much or too little sleep
Feeling of extreme sadness
Unexplained mood changes
Drug or alcohol abuse
Inability to concentrate
-Extreme anxiety or irrational fear
-Personality changes
-False perceptions of reality
Mental Disorders
1. Schizophrenia - false perception of reality
2. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder - avoidance of
experiences that could trigger memories of a
traumatic experience such as war time or
abuse
3. Bipolar Disorder - uncontrollable cycles of
extreme sadness or happiness
4. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder - repeated
disturbing, and unwanted thoughts; ritual
behaviors that are perceived impossible
5. Anxiety Disorders - Panic Disorder/Phobias
6. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
– inattentive or impulsively hyperactive; benefit
most from medications
Depression
Long-term sadness or hopelessness that keeps a person from
carrying out everyday activities.
Symptoms include…
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Lack of energy
Withdrawal from people
Loss of appetite or overeating
Too much or too little sleep
Feelings of hopelessness or helplessness
Experiencing one or two of these is not uncommon. However, if you
experience several of these symptoms over an extended period of
time, you should seek professional help. If left untreated, it can lead
to suicide….
Friedman, David P., Curtis C. Stine, and Shannon Whalen. Lifetime Health. Orlando,
[Fla.: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2009. Print.
QUICK REVIEW
What is empathy?
What are the ways that you can improve your
speaking skills?
What kind of treatment does an individual with
ADHD benefit from most?
True or False.
Having a friend help you to reenact a situation is a
good way to practice expressing emotions in a
positive way
QUICK REVIEW
What is empathy?
The ability to understand another’s feelings, behaviors, and attitudes
What are the ways that you can improve your
speaking skills?
Using the tone and pitch of your voice effectively, using “I” messages
in a conflict situation, showing empathy for another person, and be
aware of voice volume when speaking to others
What kind of treatment does an individual with
ADHD benefit from most?
Medication
True or False.
Having a friend help you to reenact a situation is a
good way to practice expressing emotions in a
positive way.
True
Stress
STRESS
Stress: non-specific response of the body
to a demand placed on it
Physical Response to Stress
Epinephrine (adrenaline) is released into the body in times of
stress. This causes:
•Respiration increases which helps get more oxygen to
throughout the body
•Heart rate increases which increases blood flow to muscles
•Muscles tense up which prepares you to react and move
quickly
•Pupils of your eyes widen which allows extra light for more
sensitive vision
•Sweat increases…can cause body odors
•Blood sugar increases to provide more energy to the body
•Digestion decreases…can lead to eating disorders
**Prolonged stress/long-term stress can make a person
more susceptible to colds/flu, cause tension
headaches, and contribute to heart disease
STRESSOR
Stressor:
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Any situation that puts a demand on the
body or mind
Environmental (pollution, poverty, natural disasters, noise)
Biological (Illnesses, injuries, disabilities, sickness)
Thinking (any type of mental challenge)
Behavioral (sleep, exercise, drugs, alcohol, organization)
Life Changing (death of a family member, getting married)
2 Types of Stress
Eustress: positive stress that energizes a person
“Feel-Good Stress”
Distress: a negative stress that can be harmful or make
a person sick
“The stress we are most familiar with”
General Adaptation Syndrome
G.A.S. - the body’s response to stress (Long Term or Short Term)
3 Stages of G.A.S.
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Alarm Stage- body’s initial response to stressor
Resistance Stage- body attempts to regain internal balance
Homeostasis…
Body Temperature = 98.6°
HR♥ ≈ 70 BPM
Exhaustion Stagea. wear & tear on body
b. lowered resistance to disease
c. death
(results depend on a person’s ability to cope)
PETS & STRESS MANAGEMENT
3 Things You Need To Know…
1. Animals Don’t Talk Back
2. Animals Provide Constant Companionship
3. Animals Provide Opportunity To Touch
Dealing with Stress
1.) Take Care of Yourself – exercise regularly, rest, eat
right
2.) Learn to Relax – deep breathing, relieve tension,
reserve energy for fighting illness
3.) Build Resiliency – continued optimism when things get
tough
4.) Change Your Attitude – use positive self-talk (say or
think positive things to yourself), be confident, don’t worry
about things you cannot control
5.) Manage your time – list and prioritize, know and set
limits, make a schedule
GREATEST STRESSORS FOR
TEENAGERS
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Divorce
Death
Loneliness
Lack of Communication
Skills
Moving
Difficulty With Peers
CHALLENGE…
Tell somebody “Hey!”
Look them in the eye and tell them “hello”
and ask them how they are doing.
You might make somebody’s day!
What is resiliency??
“The ability to bounce back”
It is the ability to recover from
illness, hardships, or other
stressors. Resilient people continue
to be optimistic when life gets tough.
They struggle less and succeed
more. They accomplish difficult
tasks and make people say “ how
did they do that?!”
I want all of you to be RESILIENT!!
Asset: A skill or resource that can help you reach a goal
What does it mean to grieve?
To express deep sadness because of a loss
The Five Stages of the Grieving Process
1.) Denial – refusal to believe the loss occurred
2.) Anger – experiencing anger or rage about the loss
3.) Bargaining – final attempt to avoid the truth
(making promises if the lost thing/person will return to
them)
4.) Depression – sadness is a natural and important
emotion
5.) Acceptance – begin to learn how to live with a loss
Coping Mechanisms
•Spend time with others
•Discuss your feelings – it is okay to cry!
•Get back to daily routines as soon as possible
•Eat nutritious foods, exercise, get enough
sleep
•Do something to keep your mind off of it
•Remember the good things
•See a counselor
Ceremonies are held to honor the person
who has passed away.
Wake – ceremony that is held to allow family and
friends to view the deceased person before the
funeral
Funeral – ceremony in which loved ones pay
tribute and the deceased person is buried or
cremated (burn the body with intense heat)
Memorial Service – ceremony to remember the
deceased person; take place long after the
death of the loved one
WARNING SIGNS
QUICK REVIEW
What is a biological stressor?
What are the stages of grief?
True or False
Blaming yourself is a good way to cope with loss.
Suicide is the ________ leading cause of death for
people between the ages of 15 and 24 years.
QUICK REVIEW
What is a biological stressor?
Conditions that make it difficult for your body to take part in daily
activities
What are the stages of grief?
Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance
True or False
Blaming yourself is a good way to cope with loss.
False
Suicide is the _________ leading cause of death
for people between the ages of 15 and 24 years.
Third
Assignment
Write a paper answering the following…
“The 3 things that cause me the most
stress RIGHT NOW are…”
- 3 paragraphs ( 5 sentences each)
- Why?
- How can you deal with it?
- Write a paragraph for each item