Transcript Growth and Development

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
The endocrine system
is a system of glands
that secrete
chemical hormones
that help control
body functioning.
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
A tissue or group of tissues that makes and
releases chemicals is called a gland.
The chemical product of an endocrine glands is
called a hormone.
Endocrine glands produce and release
hormones directly into the bloodstream.
HORMONES
Hormones are the
chemical product of
endocrine glands.
Hormones turn on, turn
off, speed up, or slow
down the activities of
different organs and
tissues.
TARGET CELLS
Target cells are cells that recognize the hormone’s
chemical structure.
A hormone interacts only with specific target cells the
way a key fits into a lock.
Hormones travel through the bloodstream until they
find their “lock” or particular cell type.
NEGATIVE-FEEDBACK MECHANISM
Endocrines systems method of regulating
the level of hormones in the blood.
HYPOTHALAMUS
A part of the brain that regulates
the activities of the pituitary
gland.
Located in the lower central part
of the brain.
Links the nervous system and
endocrine systems and controls
the pituitary gland
PITUITARY GLAND
Stimulates skeletal
growth
Stimulates development
of male and female sex
organs.
THYROID GLAND
• Produces Thyroxine to increase the
body’s metabolism.
• Maintains the level of calcium and
phosphorus in the blood.
PARATHYROIDS
• Regulates the level of
calcium and
phosphorus in the
blood
• Located on the back
of the thyroid
THYMUS
• Development of the
immune system
• Located below the
thyroid and behind
breast bone
• Large in children but
shrinks to the size of a
thumb in adults
ADRENAL GLANDS
Increases heart and
breathing rate, raises
blood pressure
Produce Epinephrine and
norepinephrine
Located on the top of
each kidney
PANCREAS
• Produces insulin
• Regulates the
amount of sugar in
the blood.
OVARIES
•
Produces female sex
characteristics
•
Located on both sides of the
uterus below the opening of the
fallopian tube.
•
Contain the egg cells necessary
for reproduction.
•
Produce estrogen and
progesterone
TESTES
Produces male sex
characteristics
Located in the scrotum
Produce testosterone and
sperm