Transcript the endocrine system - Madison County Schools

Where they are.
What they do.
What hormones they produce.
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The hypothalamus gland has a
very important job — to
connect the nervous system
with the endocrine system.
He’s a real smooth operator
and releases the hormone
oxytocin, which plays a role in
what you feel when you’re in
love. He works from deep
inside your brain to make
hormones that make other
glands make hormones. He
even controls the so-called
“master gland,” the pituitary
gland. The hypothalamus also
has a hand in regulating body
temperature, hunger, thirst,
fatigue, and anger. He’s kind
of a big deal.
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Even though the pituitary
is just a tiny little peasized nubbin hanging out
at the base of your brain,
he is known as the
master gland because he
controls all of the other
endocrine glands
(however, he is
controlled, in turn, by the
hypothalamus). His main
functions include
stimulating growth,
regulating blood
pressure, sex hormones,
metabolism and water
regulation. He’s one busy
fella.
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Whether you’re a
couch potato or a
marathon runner, the
thyroid tells the body
how fast to go. It
makes thyroxin.
From the front of the
neck, this gland
serves as the body’s
gas pedal, deciding
how much energy to
burn. It’s metabolism
central, baby.
Ultrasound Image
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Chronic Fatigue
Weight Gain
Puffy Face
Droopy Eyelids
Depression
Slow Reflexes
Muscle Aches, Cramps, or Weakness
Decreased Sex Drive
Excessive Menstrual Bleeding
Premenstrual Tension
Absence of Periods
Loss of Appetite
Constipation
Memory Loss
Difficulty Concentrating
Dry, Itchy Skin
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Diarrhea
Goiter
Palpitations
Nervousness
Restlessness
Flushing
Heat Intolerance
Hand Tremor
Sweating
Fast Heart Rate
Increased Heart Rhythms
Protruding Eyes
Moist Skin
Menstrual Irregularity
Unintentional Weight Loss
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Fatigue
High Blood Pressure
Hair Loss
General Weakness
Increased Appetite
Difficulty Sleeping
Involuntary Movements
Clammy Skin
Infrequent Periods
Breast Enlargement in Men
No Menstrual Period
Motor Tic
Flushed Complexion
Loss of Part of Visual Field
Coronal view
Sagital view
Hyperthyroid Jungle
Michael Beckerman
2003
Acrylic on canvas
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An important part of
the body’s immune
system, the thymus
gives infectionfighting cells —
called T-cells after
the thymus — a nice
place to live while
they grow up and get
ready to fight. Don’t
be immune to his
charms.
The parathyroid glands
secrete a hormone
that tells the body
how to divvy up
calcium between the
bones and the blood.
They hang out on the
back of the thyroid
gland in the neck
area, but rumors
about a relationship
between the two are
just that — they’re
just friends.
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The adrenal glands sit
atop your kidneys and
work with the
hypothalamus and
pituitary glands to
regulate metabolism
and immunity. Most
famously, the adrenal
glands squish out the
hormone adrenaline,
which controls the
body’s “fight or flight”
response by speeding
up your heart rate and
otherwise pumping
you up. Relax — don’t
do it.
Fight or Flight
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When this state of emergency is
maintained for extended periods
of time, weakening the immune
system, causing interrupted sleep,
exhaustion, kidney abnormalities,
lower blood sugar and even
hypothyroidism.
Common Causes Of
Adrenal Stress:
Physical trauma
Chemical toxins
Poor diet / Digestion issues
Excess exercise
Lack of sleep
Infections
Emotional trauma
Anxiety, depression
Prescription drugs (Many)
Pregnancy
Stress
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what can i do?
Treatment for adrenal
fatigue includes lifestyle
modifications, diet, rest and
supplementation.
Simple changes including:
breaks to rest, regular
meals, light exercise and
stretching, early bedtimes
and sleeping more, and
laughter (increases the
parasympathetic supply to
the adrenals) can help
support the healing process
of the adrenal glands.
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The pancreas is a
cute little organ
nestled between the
bottom of the
stomach and the top
of the small
intestine. This little
guy produces
digestive enzymes,
but he is best known
for producing the
hormone insulin. We
need insulin to help
us process glucose
from the blood
stream. Say pancreas
in Japanese: suizou!
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CAUSES: Too little food, too
much insulin or diabetes
medicine, or extra exercise.
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ONSET: Sudden, may
progress to insulin shock.
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SUGAR: Below 70 mg/dL.
Normal range: 70-115 mg/dL
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WHAT CAN YOU DO? Drink a
cup of orange juice or milk or
eat several hard candies
Test Blood sugar
Within 30 minutes after
symptoms go away, eat a
snack
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CAUSES: Too much food,
too little insulin, illness
or stress.
ONSET: Gradual, may
progress to diabetic
coma.
BLOOD SUGAR: Above
200 mg/dL.
Normal range: 70-115
mg/dL
WHAT CAN YOU DO?
Test blood sugar
If over 250mg/dL for
several tests, CALL YOUR
DOCTOR!
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Protected by the
scrotum, these family
jewels produce sex
hormones and
sperm. Testosterone
makes the man,
helping sperm find
and fertilize those
lady eggs. Sperm is
the swimming cell
responsible for
fertilizing the egg.
Absolutely nuts!
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Testicular cancer is the most common solid tumor
diagnosed in men between the ages of 15 and 35.
However, it is a relatively rare type of cancer, which
accounts for only about 1 percent of all cancers in men.
The American Cancer Society estimates that approximately
8,000 new cases of testicular cancer will be diagnosed in
the United States this year.
Advances in treatment mean that most men with
testicular cancer, especially those diagnosed when the
cancer is at an early stage, can now expect to survive the
disease. In fact, the cure rate for all stages and types of
testicular cancer combined is higher than 90 percent.
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The ovaries produce
eggs and release sex
hormones estrogen and
progesterone, which
control all kinds of
female reproductive
mayhem from period
regulation to
babymaking. Attached to
the uterus, the two
ovaries take turns
releasing eggs down the
fallopian tubes for
possible fertilization. It’s
the gland of the ladies.
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Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of
cancer death in women.
It is idiopathic, meaning that the exact cause
is usually unknown.
The disease is more common in industrialized
nations, with the exception of Japan.
In the United States, females have a 1.4% to
2.5% (1 out of 40-60 women) lifetime chance
of developing ovarian cancer.
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Ovarian cancer usually produces no specific signs
or symptoms in the early stages. However, if
symptoms such as bloating, pelvic or abdominal
pain, difficulty eating or feeling full quickly, or
urinary symptoms (urgency or frequency)
continue for several days, you should consult
with a healthcare professional.
Ovarian cancer is usually diagnosed with a pelvic
examination and transvaginal ultrasound (an
imaging procedure that uses a special imaging
wand inserted into the vagina to identify tumors).