Transcript Halogens

Catherine, Melissa, Jennifer
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The Halogens are fluorine, chlorine, bromine,
iodine, and astatine.
Halogen is derived from a Greek word
meaning “salt-producing”
Group 17 in the table. These certain elements
are highly reactive oxidizers.
They all are missing 1 charge in their outer
charge so they combine with many elements to
form ions.
All have strong unpleasant odor and will burn
flesh. Does not dissolve well in water.
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Highly toxic and can
cause severe burns on
contact
Used for etching glass
Also used as a catalyst
to speed up chemical
reactions
Used as a weapon in
WWII
Used in toothpaste to
strengthen
It is a pale green gas
of low density
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Atomic #:9, atomic
mass: 18.998403 amu
#of protons/electrons:
9
# of neutrons: 10
Crystal structure:
cubic
# of energy levels:2
1st level- 2, 2nd level: 7
Date of discovery1886, Joseph Henn
Moissan
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Used as a bleaching
agent
Used as a disinfectant
in swimming pools
Used as a weapon in
WWI
Atomic #:17, atomic
mass: 35.4527 amu
# of
protons/electrons: 17
# of neutrons: 18
Crystal structure:
orthorhombic
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Color: green
In room temp form it
is a gas
# of energy levels: 3
1st- 2, 2nd- 8, 3rd- 7
Date of discovery1774, Carl Wilhelm
Scheele.
Uses: water
purification, bleaches
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Foul smelling
reddish-brown liquid
Used in dyes
Used in applications
such as pesticides,
disinfectants,
medicines, and flame
retardants
Was once used for an
additive for gasoline
containing lead.
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Atomic #: 35, atomic
mass:79.904 amu
#ofprotons/electrons:
35
# of neutrons: 45
# of energy levels: 4,
1st- 2, 2nd- 8, 3rd- 18,
4th- 7
Date of discovery1826, Antoine J Balar
Uses- poisonous
In room temp. form is
a liquid
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Iodine is important in
the human diet
The thyroid gland
produces a growthregulating hormone
that contains iodine,
and lack of iodine can
cause a goiter, a
swelling around the
neck
Was once used in the
development of
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Atomic #:53, atomic
mass: 126.9044 amu
#of protons/electrons:
53 # of neutrons: 74
It’s a solid
# of energy levels-5
1st- 2, 2nd- 8, 3rd- 18,
4th-18, 5th- 7
Date of discovery1811, Bernard
Courtois
Uses: required in
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Unstable, it is
difficult to say what
applications it may
have. Also not found
in nature.
The most promising
area involves the use
of astatine to treat a
condition known as
hyperthyroidism,
related to an overly
active thyroid gland
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Atomic #: 85, atomic
mass: 210.0 amu
#of protons/electrons:
85, # of neutrons: 125
Energy levels: 6, 1st- 2,
2nd- 8, 3rd- 18, 4th- 32,
5th- 18, 6th- 7
Date of dicovery1940, D.R. Corson
No uses known
Is a solid in room
temp.
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http://www.scienceclarified.com/everyday/R
eal-Life-Chemistry-Vol-2/Halogens.html
www.theodoregray.com/periodictable
http://www.chem4kids.com/files/elem_famil
ies.html
http://www.chemtutor.com/perich.htm
http://www.learner.org/interactives/periodic
/groups.html