Endocrine System - ESC-2
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Transcript Endocrine System - ESC-2
E NDOCRINE S YSTEM
T HE F UNCTIONS OF THE
E NDOCRINE S YSTEM
Endocrine System
Controls daily activities
Controls growth and
development
Controls mood and
emotions
Helps maintain blood
sugar levels
Secretes enzymes to
help in food digestion
The endocrine system is
made up of glands
Glands are organs that
produce and secrete
chemicals
Hormones
Secrete chemicals
into blood
Enzymes into the
digestive system
H ORMONES
Chemical product of an endocrine gland
Chemical messenger
Can affect organs and tissues far away
from the gland
Hormones have many jobs
Turn off activities of organs and
tissues
Speed up activities of organs and
tissues
Slow down activities of organs and
tissues
H ORMONE
P RODUCTION
A stimulus occurs
A nerve impulse is sent to the
brain
The brain sends an impulse
back to an endocrine gland
Endocrine gland produced a
hormone and releases it into
the blood
Hormone travels to target
tissue and causes a response
H ORMONE A CTION
Nerve impulse has a
quick, short lasting
effect
Hormones have a
slower, longer lasting
effect
The effect lasts until the
hormone is out of the
blood
TARGET C ELLS
Cells that the hormone
effects
Each endocrine glands
produces one kind of
hormone
Each hormone effects a
certain kind of cell
Key in a lock
Hormones will not effect
cells that don’t fit
T HE
H YPOTHALAMUS
Nervous and endocrine systems
work together
The hypothalamus is the master
gland in the brain that
communicates between these
two systems
Nerve messages controlling
sleep, hunger, thirst and other
conditions come from the
hypothalamus
The hypothalamus plays a
major role in maintaining
homeostasis
T HE P ITUITARY
Also located in the brain
Communicates with the
hypothalamus to control many
body activities
The hypothalamus sends its
nerve impulses to the pituitary
The pituitary sends the signal to
other endocrine glands in the
body
Thyroid releasing hormone
Growth hormone
T HE P ITUITARY
E NDOCRINE
G LANDS
H ORMONE
PATHWAYS
F EEDBACK
Many systems in the
body maintain
homeostasis using
feedback loops
Negative feedback
Positive Feedback
N EGATIVE
F EEDBACK
System where the
product tells the body
when to stop making it
Once a hormone reaches
a certain level, a
message is sent to the
endocrine gland telling it
to stop production
N EGATIVE
F EEDBACK
P OSITIVE
F EEDBACK
When a reaction causes
more of the same effect
A stimulus causes an
effect
That effect creates more
stimulus
P OSITIVE
F EEDBACK
B ODY
SYSTEMS THAT
WORK WITH THE
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM ;
The reproductive system
works with the respiratory,
circulatory, and endocrine
systems.
W HERE
ARE THE
G LANDS ?
P ITUITARY
Pituitary
The pituitary gland produces a
growth hormone which controls
growth and homeostasis.
PARATHYROID
Parathyroid
The parathyroid gland produces
parathormone which controls
calcium levels in the body.
A DRENALS
Adrenals
Adrenals
The adrenal glands produce
adrenaline in response to
physical and emotional stress.
Fight or Flight
T HYROID
Thyroid
The thyroid gland produces
thyroxin to regulate
metabolism.
PANCREAS
Pancreas
The pancreas produces insulin
which controls sugar levels in
the blood.
T ESTES ( IN
MALES )
Testes
The testes produce testosterone
used in sperm production and
the development of male traits.
O VARIES ( IN
F EMALES )
Ovaries
The ovaries produce estrogen
used in egg production and the
development of female traits.