Transcript Energy Transformations (transformation_of_energy1)

Energy Transfer & Transformations
How does energy impact the
motion of an object?
Chapter 4 Energy
• Brain Pop Video Forms of Energy
• http://www.brainpop.com/science/energy/for
msofenergy/
• Brain Pop Video Where does Energy come
from?
• http://www.brainpop.com/science/energy/en
ergysources/
Energy and Work : Working Together
http://www.kids.esdb.bg/index.html http://www.nnec.coop/powerkids/energyfacts.html
• Energy is the ability to do work
• Work is done when a force causes an object to
move in the direction of the force.
• Think of an example of a force
causing an object to move. Write it
down and explain.
Energy and Work : Working Together
• When one object does work on another,
energy is transferred from the first object to
the second object.
• This means work is a transfer of energy, which
is expressed in units called JOULES (J)
• QUESTION: What is energy?
Kinetic Energy
•
•
•
•
Kinetic Energy is the energy of motion
All moving objects have kinetic energy.
Make a list of objects exhibiting kinetic energy.
Mass and speed are factors that determine how
much kinetic energy an object has.
• The faster an object is going the more kinetic
energy it has.
• The more mass an object has the greater its
kinetic energy will be.
• Mass and speed do not affect an object equally
Kinetic Energy
• Brain Pop Video Kinetic Energy
• http://www.brainpop.com/science/energy/kin
eticenergy/
Potential Energy
• Potential energy is the energy an object has
because of the position, shape or condition of
the object.
• Example: A stretched rubber band
• Gravitational Potential Energy is what happens
when an object is lifted and energy is
transferred to it.
• Example: lifting a barbell, the barbell has the
Gravitational Potential Energy
Potential Energy
• Brain Pop Video Potential Energy
• http://www.brainpop.com/science/energy/po
tentialenergy/
Mechanical Energy
http://www.kids.esdb.bg/mechanical_principles.html
• Mechanical energy is the amount of work an
object can do because of the object’s kinetic
and potential energies.
• Mechanical energy is the total energy of
motion and position of an object.
• Both kinetic and potential energies are types
of mechanical energy.
• Mechanical energy can be made up of both
kinetic and potential or some of each.
Other Forms of Energy
Thermal Energy
• Thermal Energy is all of the kinetic energy due
to the random motion of the particles that
make up the object (its atoms).
• It is most often measured by measuring
temperature
Other Forms of Energy
http://www.brainpop.com/health/nutrition/carbohydrates/
http://www.brainpop.com/health/nutrition/metabolism/
Chemical Energy
• Chemical energy is energy stored in chemical
bonds.
• Chemical energy is a form of potential energy.
• Energy in food is stored as chemical energy.
Other Forms of Energy
http://www.brainpop.com/science/energy/currentelectricity/
http://www.brainpop.com/science/energy/electricity/
http://www.brainpop.com/science/energy/electriccircuits/
http://www.brainpop.com/science/energy/batteries/
•
•
•
•
Electrical Energy
Electrical energy is the energy of moving
electrons.
Electrical Energy is what is stored in a battery,
and can be used to power a cell phone or start a
car.
Electrical energy is delivered by tiny charged
particles called electrons, typically moving
through a wire.
Lightning is an example of electrical energy in
nature, so powerful that it is not confined to a
wire.
Other Forms of Energy
http://www.brainpop.com/science/energy/sound/
Sound Energy
• Sound is the movement of energy through
substances in longitudinal
(compression/rarefaction) waves.
• Sound is produced when a force causes an
object or substance to vibrate — the energy is
transferred through the substance in a wave.
• Typically, the energy in sound is far less than
other forms of energy.
Other Forms of Energy
http://www.brainpop.com/science/energy/light/ http://www.brainpop.com/science/space/sun/
http://www.brainpop.com/science/energy/solarenergy/
•
•
•
•
•
Light Energy
Light energy is a type of radiant energy.
Radiant Energy is electromagnetic energy that
travels in transverse waves.
Radiant energy includes visible light, x-rays,
gamma rays and radio waves.
Light is one type of radiant energy.
Sunshine is radiant energy, which provides the
fuel and warmth that make life on Earth possible.
Other Forms of Energy
http://www.brainpop.com/science/energy/nuclearenergy/
•
•
•
•
Nuclear Energy
Nuclear Energy is energy stored in the nucleus of
an atom — the energy that holds the nucleus
together.
Very large amounts of energy can be released
when the nuclei are combined or split apart.
Nuclear power plants split the nuclei of uranium
atoms in a process called fission.
The sun combines the nuclei of hydrogen atoms
in a process called fusion.