Transcript Types of Energy

By: D. W. , S. R., R. K., and F. B.
Nonrenewable
• Chemical energy
• Electrical energy
• Mechanical Energy
• Fossil fuels (coal, oil,
natural gas, and uranium)
Renewable
• Wind
• Hydroelectric
• solar
• biomass
• geothermal
• nuclear fusion
• Hydroelectric fuel
cell
The major forms of energy are mechanical
energy, thermal energy, chemical energy,
electrical energy, electromagnetic energy, and
nuclear energy.
Chemical energy is energy stored in chemical bonds
An example of chemical energy is burning coal.
When the fire is lit, the source of energy for it is the
wood or kindling you are using. When the kindling
burns, energy is released and heats the coal and its
surrounding area. The energy stored in the kindling
is chemical energy.
Electrical energy is energy associated with electric
charges.
An example would be a light bulb. The current has
kinetic energy and is converted to electrical energy when
going into the light bulb and through the filaments;
which lights up the light bulb.
Mechanical energy is the energy associated with the
motion and position of everyday objects.
Mechanical energy= Kinetic energy + Potential Energy
An example of mechanical energy is a wind up toy. When the toy is not
moving it has potential energy. Work is done when you turn the crank the
spring inside has elastic potential energy. When you let go of the springs it
will spring back to its original shape. The toy has mechanical energy and then
kinetic.
Fossil fuels are coal, oil, natural gas,
and uranium. They come from
underground. They are being used
faster than we can replace them. Fossil
fuels currently make up a majority of
the worlds energy.
They are relatively inexpensive and are
usually easy to get to but they create
pollution.
Wind turbines convert wind energy (KE) into electrical energy using a
generator. When the wind blows into the fans (shown below) the turbines
rotate to the roto shaft. Then it is converted to electrical energy.
Major Advantages: low cost, no pollution, and you never run out of wind
Major Disadvantages: A lot of space and a big start up cost
Hydroelectric energy is obtained through flowing water.
When water flow down a hill its gravitational potential
energy is converted to kinetic energy and is used to turn
turbines that are attached to electric generators. Most
hydroelectric plants are built on damson rivers. A dam
stops the flow of water storing potential energy which is
then converted to KE as it begins to flow.
Major advantages: no
pollution and low cost.
Major Disadvantages: it
disturbs the natural run
of fish and/or animals,
you can only have so
many plants because
you only have so much
water.
Solar energy is sunlight that is converted to usable energy.
Sunlight passes through the windows and heats either air or
water and then is used to heat houses. Some items run on
solar power, like calculators or cars. Sunlight can be
converted into electrical energy or heat through solar cells
to power certain objects.
Major Advantages: no
pollution
Major Disadvantages: you
need sunlight
Biomass energy is chemical energy stored in living
things( burning wood , corn, and peat). Some corn
can be turned into a fuel called ethanol to power
cars.
Major Advantages: low
cost, readily available, and
renewable
Major Disadvantages:
pollution and it impacts
ecosystems
Geothermal energy is thermal energy stored beneath the Earth’s
surface. It is mainly found near volcanoes. Water gets pumped
into the ground and is converted to steam which is then used to
generate electricity. It is also found near hot springs.
Major Advantages: No
Pollution
Major Disadvantages: not
widely available and you
need hot earth
Nuclear energy is energy stored in atoms
Nuclear fusion: When you combine nuclei to
form a more massive nuclei
Nuclear Fission: When you split nuclei
Hydroelectric fuel cells generate electricity by reacting
hydrogen with oxygen. Hydrogen fuel can be obtained
from water using electricity from solar cells. The ending
product is water.
Major Advantages: no
pollution
Major Disadvantages: not very
efficient
They can be conserved by
reducing energy needs and
increasing the efficiency of
energy use.
Yes It
Can
PE
KE
PE
KE
EE
(EE= Electrical Energy)
The object has kinetic energy when it
is falling it gains thermal and
electromagnetic energy. When it
lands on the ground it has potential
energy.
They are related
because the greater the
mass of the object the
greater the KE.
They are closely related because
when work is done on an object
energy is transferred to that
object. Work is a transfer of
energy.
It depends on mass and acceleration due to gravity.
Formula
PE=mgh
m=mass
g=gravity(9.8m/s)
h=height
When energy changes from
one form to another, the total
energy remains unchanged.
The law states that energy
cannot be created or
destroyed.