Transcript Ch 4 Sect 2
Ch 4 Sect 2
Energy Transfers and
Transformations
Movement of Energy
Energy naturally moves from areas of
high energy to areas of low energy
Ex-heat radiating off of a stove
Transferring energy
Energy stays in same form but moves to
another object
Transforming energy Energy changes forms as it moves
Energy Transfers
Electrical outlet can transfer electricity
Example-Vandegraff machine
Outlet
Machine
Human
Heat energy can be transferred
Example-boiling water
Stove
Pot
Water
Energy Transformations
Energy is like money in that it can be
used in different forms
Electrical energy can be transformed to
Light energy, Heat energy,
Other examples?
Energy Transformations
Chemical energy is transformed by living
organisms and machines
Humans covert chemical energy into kinetic
energy
Chemical energy in the body is stored as ATP or
Adenosine Tri-Phospate
Energy Transformations
Machines also transfer chemical energy
into kinetic energy
Chemical energy used by machines is
usually gas or diesel
Suck, Squeeze, Bang, Blow
4 steps that an internal combustion engine
uses
Any engine in any gas powered vehicle
NRG Conversion in an Engine
Sucks the air/gas in (intake)
Squeezes the air (compression)
Bang (gas ignites, causes explosion)
Gasoline engines have a spark plug
Diesel is explosive enough that it needs no
spark
Blows air out (exhaust)
How Car Engines Work
Mass, Atoms and Energy
Mass in motion has energy
Mass is made up of smaller parts called
atoms
Atoms can be joined or broken apart to
produce energy
Nuclear Fusion
Joining of 2 atoms to make 1 atom
Bonds of both atoms are broken and
reformed to make one atom
When bonds are broken energy is released
Mass of the atom increases
Nuclear Fusion Basics
Nuclear Fission
Taking one atom and breaking it down to
two or more atoms
Energy is released when the chemical bonds
are broken
Mass of the atoms decrease
Nuclear Fission Basics
Mechanical Energy
Mechanical energy is the sum of total
potential energy and total kinetic energy
Mechanical Energy = Pot Energy + KE
Energy converts back and forth from PE to
KE but mechanical energy always stays the
same
Ex. PE=70% and KE=30% ME=100%
PE=40% and KE=60% ME=100%
Law of Conservation of
Energy
Conservation of energy states that
energy can neither be created or
destroyed, therefore amount of energy
always stays the same