Transcript Upper Appendicular Skeleton

Upper Appendicular Skeleton
Mrs. Halkuff
Anatomy & Physiology
Vertebral Column
Made up of 33 bones
Cervical Vertebrae: First 7
Form the neck & support the
head.
C-1 is called the atlas as it
allows the head to nod “yes”.
C-2 is called the axis as it
allows the head to shake “no”.
Thoracic Vertebrae: Second 12
Anchor the ribcage
Larger than the cervical vertebrae
Increase in size inferiorly.
Lumbar Vertebrae: Third 5
Largest set of vertebrae
Support weight
Allow attachment of back muscles.
Vertebrae
Body
Vertebral Foramen
Pedicle
Lamina
Spinous Process
Superior Articular Process
Transverse Process
Sacrum & Coccyx
•Sacral Horns
•Medial Sacral Crest
•Dorsal Foramina
Sternum
Manubrium
Jugular Notch
Clavicular Notch
Body
Xiphoid Process
Clavicle
Makes up the shoulder girdle.
Connects the sternum to the scapula.
Medial 2/3rd of shaft is convex anteriorly
Lateral 1/3rd is flat & concave anteriorly.
Helps to form two joints:
Sternoclavicular Joint
Acromioclavicular Joint
Clavicle
Medial End
Lateral End
Scapula
Covers the 2nd – 7th ribs
Connects the clavicle to the humerus.
Has a concave anterior surface &
convex posterior surface.
Scapula
Acromion
Coracoid Process
Scapular Notch
Superior Border
Spine
Vertebral Border
Axillary Border
Glenoid Cavity
Humerus
Largest bone in the upper limb
Humerus
Greater Tubercle
Lesser Tubercle
Intertubercular Groove
Deltoid Tuberosity
Head
Olecranon Fossa
Medial Epicondyle
Lateral Epicondyle
Trochlea
Capitulum
Radius
Shorter of the two forearm bones
Has circular radius
Radius
Head
Neck
Radial Tuberosity
Styloid Process
Ulna
Longer of the two
forearm bones
Has “pipe wrench”
appearance; or
“U” for “ulna”
Olecranon Process
Coronoid Process
Radial Notch
Hand
Phalanges (Proximal,
Middle, Distal)
Each phalange is a
miniature long bone.
Wider at the base
(proximal end) & smaller
at the head (distal end).
Thumb has 2 phalanges;
all other digits have 3
phalanges.
Metacarpals
Heads are the distal ends that articulate
with the phalanges (knuckles).
Shafts are concave on medial & lateral
sides to allow for muscle attachment.
Carpals
Wrist=“Carpus”
8 bones arranged in proximal & lateral rows.
Proximal Row (Medial  Lateral)
Scaphoid “Rowboat”, Lunate “Moon”, Triquetrum
“3 cornered bone”, Pisiform “Pea”
Distal Row (Medial  Lateral)
Trapezium “Large Table”, Trapezoid “Little Table”,
Hamate “Hook”, Capitate “Round Head”
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