Transcript Lab_11_Group_I_old_Nov08 - PCC

Lab Activity 11: Group I
Muscles
Martini Chapter 11
Portland Community College
BI 231
Origin and Insertion
• Origin: The place where the fixed end
attaches to a bone, cartilage, or connective
tissue.
• Insertion: The site where the movable end
attaches to another structure.
2
MUSCLES OF THE HEAD
Frontalis
Epicranial
Aponeurosis
• Origin: Epicranial
aponeurosis
• Insertion: Skin
over forehead
• Action: Elevates
eyebrows and
wrinkles skin of
forehead
4
Occipitalis
• Origin: Occipital
and temporal bones
• Insertion: Epicranial
aponeurosis
• Action: Fixes
epicranial
aponeurosis and
pulls scalp
posteriorly
5
Orbicularis Oculi
• Origin: Medial orbital
margin and zygomatic
bone
• Insertion: Skin
surrounding eye
• Action: Closes eyelids
and depresses skin of
forehead
6
Temporalis
• Origin: Temporal
fossa
• Insertion:
Coronoid process
of mandible
• Action: Elevates
and retracts
mandible
7
Masseter
• Origin:
Zygomatic
process and arch
• Insertion: Angle
and ramus of
mandible
• Action: Elevates
mandible
8
Orbicularis Oris
• Origin: By muscular
skips to surround
muscles
• Insertion: Muscles
interlace to surround
mouth
• Action: Closes and
purses lips
9
Zygomaticus Major
• Origin: Zygomatic
arch
• Insertion: Corner of
mouth
• Action: Elevates
corner of mouth
10
Risorius
• Origin: Fascia of
masseter
• Insertion: Corner of
mouth
• Action: Draws corner
of mouth laterally
11
SUPERFICIAL MUSCULATURE
OF THE NECK
Omohyoid
• Origin: Medial tip of
suprascapular notch
• Insertion: Body of
hyoid bone
• Action: Depresses
hyoid bone
13
Sternohyoid
• Origin: Posterior
surface of
manubrium, and
medial clavicle
• Insertion: Hyoid
bone
• Action: Depresses
hyoid bone
14
Mylohyoid
• Origin: Mylohyoid
line of mandible
• Insertion: Hyoid bone
• Action: Elevates
hyoid bone and floor
of mouth, depresses
mandible
15
Digastric
Anterior Belly
• Origin: Lower border
of mandible near
midline
• Insertion:
Intermediate tendon
on the hyoid bone
• Action: Elevates
hyoid bone and base
of tongue, depresses
mandible
16
Digastric
Posterior Belly
• Origin: Mastoid
notch of temporal
bone
• Insertion:
Intermediate tendon
on the hyoid bone
• Action: Moves hyoid
bone back
17
MUSCLES OF THE
NECK & BACK
Sternocleidomastoid
• Origin: Manubrium
and medial third of
clavicle
• Insertion: Mastoid
process
• Action: Rotates head
to opposite side,
extends head, and
flexes vertebral
column
19
Trapezius
• Origin: External occipital
protuberance, superior
nuchal line and spinous
process of C7-T12
• Insertion: Anterior border
of scapular spine, acromion
process, lateral third of
clavicle
• Action: Elevates, adducts,
and depresses scapula
20
Latissimus Dorsi
• Origin: Spinous processes
of lower 6 thoracic
vertebrae, thoracolumbar
fascia, crest of ilium
• Insertion: Intertubercular
groove of humerus
• Action: Extends, rotates
humerus medially, draws
shoulder down and
backward
21
Levator Scapula
• Origin: Transverse
processes of C1-4
• Insertion: Superior angle
spine of scapula
• Action: Elevates scapula
22
Rhomboid Major
• Origin: Spinous
process of T1-5 and
supraspinous
ligament
• Insertion: Medial
border below spine
of scapula
• Action: Adducts
scapula and
performs downward
rotation
23
Rhomboid Minor
• Origin: Spinous
process of C7-T1
• Insertion: Medial
border of scapula at
base of spine
• Action: Adducts
scapula and performs
downward rotation
24
Serratus Anterior
• Origin: Lateral surface
of upper 8 ribs
• Insertion: Anterior lip
of medial border of
scapula
• Action: Holds scapula
to chest wall, medially
rotates scapula in
abducting or extending
humerus
25
Erector Spinae
• Origin: Sacrum, iliac
crest, spinous
processes of lumbar
vertebrae and T11,12
• Insertion: Angles of
the ribs. Spinous &
Transverse processes
of vertebrae
• Action: Extension of
vertebral column
26
Quadratus
Lumborum
• Origin: Iliolumbar
ligament and iliac crest
• Insertion: Lower border
of 12th rib, transverse
process of upper lumbar
vertebrae
• Action: Depresses rib
cage inferiorly and
laterally flexes trunk
27
Scalenes
Anterior
• Origin: Transverse
processes of C3-C6
• Insertion: 1st rib
• Action: Elevates 1st
rib, flexes neck
forward and laterally,
rotates neck
28
Scalenes
Middle
• Origin: Transverse
processes of C2-C7
• Insertion: 1st rib
• Action: Elevates 1st
rib, flexes neck
forward and laterally,
rotates neck
29
Scalenes
Posterior
• Origin: Transverse
processes of C4-C6
• Insertion: 2nd rib
• Action: Elevates 2nd
rib, flexes neck
laterally, slightly
rotates neck
30
MUSCLES OF THE
THORACIC WALL
External Intercostal
• Origin: Inferior
border of rib above
• Insertion: Superior
border of rib below
• Action: Elevates rib
cage during
inspiration
32
Internal Intercostal
• Origin: Superior
border of rib below
• Insertion: Inferior
border of rib above
• Action: Depresses rib
cage during expiration
33
Pectoralis Major
• Origin: Medial half of
clavicle, sternum, costal
cartilages, aponeurosis of
external abdominal oblique
• Insertion: Intertubular groove
of humerus
• Action: Flexes, adducts, and
medially rotates humerus,
draws body upward in
climbing
34
Pectoralis Minor
• Origin: Anterior
surface of ribs 3 to 5
• Insertion: Coracoid
process of scapula
• Action: Draws
scapula down and
forward and elevates
ribs
35
MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR
ABDOMINAL WALL
Rectus Abdominus
• Origin: Pubic
symphysis and crest
of pubis
• Insertion: Xiphoid
process and cartilages
of ribs 5 to 7
• Action: Tenses
abdominal wall and
flexes vertebral
column
37
External Abdominal Oblique
• Origin: External
surface of lower 8 ribs
• Insertion: Anterior half
of iliac crest and linea
alba
• Action: Compresses
abdomen,
contralaterally rotates
and flexes vertebral
column
38
Internal Abdominal Oblique
• Origin: Lateral half of
inguinal ligament, anterior
iliac crest and
thoracolumbar fascia
• Insertion: Lower four ribs,
linea alba and by conjoined
tendon to pubis
• Action: Compresses
abdomen, ipsilaterally
rotates and flexes vertebral
column
39
Transverse Abdominis
• Origin: Lateral third
of inguinal ligament,
anterior iliac crest,
and thoracolumbar
fascia
• Insertion: Linea alba,
and by conjoined
tendon to pubis
• Action: Compresses
abdomen
40
The End
41