Transcript Terminology - Midlandstech

Anatomy- Quiz 1
Dr. Brasington
Anatomical Position
Term
Definition
Example
Superior
Toward the head end of upper part
of body.
The heart is superior to the pelvis.
Inferior
Away from the head end and
toward the lower part of the body.
The chest is inferior to the head.
Anterior (ventral)
Toward the front or belly side.
The nose is on the anterior side of
the head.
Posterior (dorsal)
Toward the back.
The spinal cord extends down the
posterior side of the body.
Medial
Toward the midline.
The sternum is medial to the ribs.
Lateral
Away from the midline.
The ears are lateral to the nose.
Superficial
Toward the surface of the body.
The skin is superficial to the
visceral organs.
Deep
Away from the surface of the body. The heart lies deep to the sternum.
Proximal
Toward a structure’s origin or point
of attachment to the trunk.
The shoulder is proximal to the
elbow.
Distal
Away from a structure’s origin or
point of attachment to the trunk.
The wrist is distal to the shoulder.
Planes of Reference
• Coronal Plane (Frontal Plane)
• Divides body into anterior
and posterior portions
• Sagittal Plane
• Divides body into left and
right portions
• Midsagittal Plane
• Parasagittal Plane
• Transverse Plane (Crosssectional Plane)
• Divides the body into
superior and inferior
portions
(Frontal Plane)
(Cross-sectional Plane)
Cranial
Facial
Axillary
Cervical
Brachial
Umbilical
Thoracic
Antecubital
Antebrachial
Inguinal
Lumbar
Sacral
Gluteal
Palmer
Pubic
Patellar
Femoral
Popliteal
Plantar
Calcaneal
REGION:
PERTAINING TO THE:
REGION:
PERTAINING TO THE:
Facial
Face
Pubic
Gential Region
Cranial
Cranium
Inguinal
Groin
Cervical
Neck
Lumbar
Lower Back
Thoracic
Chest (Thorax)
Gluteal
Buttock
Axillary
Armpit (Axilla)
Popliteal
Posterior Knee (Popliteal Fossa)
Brachial
Arm (Brachium)
Patellar
Anterior Knee
Antecubital
Anterior Elbow (Cubital Fossa)
Plantar
Sole of the Foot
Antebrachial
Forearm (Antebrachium)
Sacral
Tailbone
Palmer
Palm of the Hand
Femoral
Thigh
Umbilical
Naval (Umbilicus)
Calcaneal
Heel
Body Cavities
• Dorsal Cavity
Body Cavities
– Cranial Cavity: Brain
– Vertebral Cavity: Spinal Cord
• Ventral Cavity
– Thoracic Cavity
• Mediastinum: Esophagus, thymus, heart, trachea
• Pleural Cavity: Lungs
• Pericardial Cavity: Heart
Diaphragm: skeletal muscle
between the Thoracic and
Abdominopelvic Cavities
– Abdominopelvic Cavity
• Abdominal Cavity: Liver, spleen, stomach, small intestines, large intestines
• Pelvic Cavity: Bladder, internal genitalia (ovary and testes)
• Retroperitoneal: Kidney, pancreas
Nervous
System
Brain
Spinal Cord
Cardiovascular
System
Heart
Respiratory
System
Trachea
Lungs
Digestive
System
Esophagus
Stomach
S. Intestine
L. Intestine
Liver
Pancreas
Urinary
System
Kidney
Bladder
Reproductive
System
Ovary
Testes
Serous Membranes of the Ventral Cavity
Serous Membranes: line the inside walls of the ventral
cavities and cover the organs of the ventral cavities
Parietal Layer: outer layer that attaches to the cavity wall
Visceral Layer: inner layer that adheres to an inner organ
***A small space that contains serous fluid separates the
2 layers
Parietal Pleura: outer serous membrane of the lung
Visceral Pleura: inner serous membrane attached to the
lung
Parietal Pericardium: outer serous membrane of the
heart
Visceral Pericardium: inner serous membrane attached to
the heart
Parietal Peritoneum: outer serous membrane of the
abdominal organs
Visceral Peritoneum: inner serous membrane of the
abdominal organs
Abdominopelvic Divisions
Organ Systems
The End