Transcript Anatomy
Islamic university Faculty of medicine بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم الجامعة اإلسالمية كلية الطب البشري Dr. Sami Zaqout Introduction Descriptive Anatomic Terms Anatomical Position assumed to be standing, the feet together, the arms to the side, and the head and eyes and palms of the hands facing forwards. Note: in a normal relaxed position of the body, the thumb points anteriorly. In anatomical parlance, the thumb is a lateral structure, not an anterior one . Terms of relation or position FRONTAL or (CORONAL) separates the body into Anterior and Posterior parts MEDIAN or (MIDSAGITTAL) separates body into Right and Left parts HORIZONTAL separates the body into Superior and Inferior parts SAGITTAL or (PARAMEDIAN)any plane parallel to the median plane Terms of relation or position Superior:( closer to the Inferior( closer to the head( feet) reference point -- horizontal plane Terms of relation or position Posterior (dorsal ( Anterior (ventral ( closer to the posterior surface of the body( closer to the anterior surface of the body reference point -- frontal or coronal plane Terms of relation or position Medial (lying closer to Lateral) lying further the midline( away from the midline) reference point -- sagittal plane Terms of relation or position Proximal )closer to the origin of a structure( Distal (further away from the origin of a structure( reference point -- the origin of a structure Terms of relation or position Superficial Deep reference point -- surface of body or organ Terms of relation or position Median reference point -- along the midsagittal or median plane Intermediate between two other structures Terms of relation or position External Internal refers to a hollow structure\ external being outside and internal being inside Terms of relation or position Supine Prone face or palm up when lying on back, face or palm down when lying on anterior surface of body Supine Prone Terms of relation or position Ipsilateral Cephalad Contralateral Caudad Same side of body; opposite side of body toward the head, toward the tail (feet ( Terms of movement increasing angle with frontal plane ; decreasing angle with frontal plane Movement takes place in sagittal plane flexion extension Lateral flexion Movement of the trunk in the lateral position Terms of movement abduction adduction moving away from or toward the sagittal plane Terms of movement medial rotation lateral rotation movement around an axis of a bone Terms of movement pronation supination placing palm backward or forward (in anatomical position ( Terms of movement circumduction combined movements of flexion ,extension, abduction, adduction medial and lateral rotation , circumscribe a cone Terms of movement opposition bringing tips of fingers and thumb together as in picking something up Terms of movement protraction retraction moving forward or backward along a surface protraction retraction Terms of movement Inversion Eversion Movement of foot so that the sole faces in a medial direction or a lateral direction Review questions Thank you