Transcript Chapter 4 Whole Body Terms

CHAPTER 4
Whole
Body Terms
Structural Organization
• Cells
– Smallest, most numerous structural unit
• Tissues
– Groups of similar cells with specialized
functions
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Structural Organization
• Organs
– Tissues arranged together to perform a
particular function
• Body systems
– Organization of different organs to perform
bodily functions
3
Terms Relating to Cells
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Anaplasia
Aplasia
Dysplasia
Hyperplasia
Hypoplasia
Neoplasia
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Types of Tissues
• Connective
• Epithelial
• Muscle
– Skeletal
– Smooth or Visceral
– Cardiac
• Nervous
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Body Planes
• Midsagittal
– Divides body into equal right and left portions
• Midline of the body
– Medial
– Lateral
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Body Planes
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Body Planes
• Frontal or coronal
– Divides body into front and back portions
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Body Planes
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Body Planes
• Transverse
– Cuts across body
– Superior (Cranial, Cephalic)
– Inferior (Caudal)
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Body Planes
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Body Regions
• Nine abdominal regions
– Identified from left to right
– Move from top to bottom
– One row at a time
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Body Regions
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Abdominal Quadrants
• Landmark = umbilicus (navel)
• Quadrants
– RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ
– McBurney’s point
– Monro’s point
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Abdominal Quadrants
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Body Cavities
• Ventral cavity
– Thoracic
– Abdominal
– Pelvic
• Dorsal cavity
– Cranial
– Spinal
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Body Cavities
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Divisions of the Back
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Cervical Vertebrae (C1 – C7)
Thoracic Vertebrae (T1 – T12)
Lumbar Vertebrae (L1 – L5)
Sacrum
Coccyx
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Divisions of the Back
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Directional Terms
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Superficial
Anterior
Ventral
Superior
Cranial
vs.
vs.
vs.
vs.
vs.
Deep
Posterior
Dorsal
Inferior
Caudal
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Directional Terms
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Directional Terms
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Medial
Distal
Supine
Supination
Plantar
vs.
vs.
vs.
vs.
vs.
Lateral
Proximal
Prone
Pronation
Dorsum
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Directional Terms
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