Transcript Context clues

Chapter 2:
E x p a n d i n g Yo u r Vo c a b u l a r y
READING 100-700
January 25, 2012
• Vocabulary quiz
• Collect outstanding paperwork, intro ltrs.,
etc.
• Turn in reading focus topics
• Discuss Chapter 2
Virginia Chance, a character from FOX Broadcasting’s
television comedy Raising Hope, either uses the wrong
words or invents new words in every episode.
• Think of a time when you misused or
mispronounced a word. Describe the incident to
your partner. Be sure to include
– How the incident made you look or feel.
– If the incident make you see the importance of
vocabulary, or if it made you decide never to use “big
words” again.
– How has that decision affected your life so far? How
will it affect your college career?
• A person’s vocabulary is never “finished.”
• It changes as you grow and learn new
things.
• It changes as the world changes.
• Did you use “text” as a verb ten years ago?
You can use the following techniques
develop your college vocabulary:
• Use context clues
• Use word parts
• Understand how textbooks present new
words
• Context clues are
hints about the
meaning of a word
that are located in
the surrounding
words or
sentences.
Context clues often appear in the following
places:
• The sentence with the unknown word
• The sentence before
• The sentence after
• Examples might give you clues to a
word’s meaning.
• Signal Words:
– For example
– For instance
– Such as
– To illustrate
• Words that have opposite meaning
• Used when authors contrast the two
words
• Signal Words:
– On the other hand
– In contrast
– However
– But
– Yet
– Instead
• Words that have similar meanings or
the same meaning
• Signal Words:
– Like
– As
– Also
– As well
– In other words
– Similar to
• Start with what you know and
actively figure out what you don’t
know. Make inferences.
• A colon (:) can introduce a series of
examples.
• For synonyms:
– A dash ( ̶ ) or a pair of dashes may act as
equal signs.
– Parentheses may enclose definitions.
Use EASY notecards to improve
your vocabulary.
Make cards for new words you
encounter. Review the cards
periodically until the new word is
a natural part of your vocabulary.
• Login.Cengagebrain.com
– Go to Additional Resources
– Student Companion Site
• Denotation is the definition of a word.
Denotation is emotionally neutral.
• Connotation is the feeling associated with
the word.
• The next slide will have a list of ten word
pairs.
• On a sheet of paper, list the more
connotative word for each pair.
• Place a plus sign (+) beside the word if it
has positive connotations.
• Place a minus sign (-) beside the word if it
has negative connotations.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
silent – uncommunicative
diva – singer
unsanitary – dirty
car – junker
kill – assassinate
cuisine – food
conflict – revolution
tailor – sew
modern – cutting edge
satisfaction – bliss
• If you want to increase your vocabulary in
a systematic way, you should learn the
meanings of word parts.
• Root: Carries out the main meaning of the
word. A word usually has at least one
root.
• Prefix: Changes the meaning of the root.
• Suffix: Changes the way a word is used in a
sentence.
• The fields you can study in college and
career schools are called the curriculum.
• Many of these fields end with the suffix
–logy, which means “the study of.”
1
The words are in bold type
2
The textbook defines them and
gives examples
3
The words appear in the glossary
4
The words are labels on diagrams
1
The words are in bold type
2
The textbook defines them and
gives examples
3
The words appear in the glossary
4
The words are labels on diagrams
• The English language is constantly
evolving. Using your new skills, can you
determine the meaning of these new
additions to the English language?
• HINTS:
– Use context clues.
– A few examples use word roots.
– Many new words are “mash-ups” of words
you already know.
Shelly only had $45 in the
bank, so she decided to
have a staycation instead of
jetting off to Fiji.
Malik was hired as part of an
e-cruitment process. He sent
his resume in online,
interviewed over a webcam,
and never saw his new office,
co-workers, or supervisors until
his first day on the job.
Katya is worried the poor
economy might make her
company start decruitment
activities. Her fear has made
her part of the overworking
class – she can be found at the
office day and night.
Allan is a mouse potato. He
spends all his spare time
online.
Betsy and Katrina are
fashionistas – they always
wear the trendiest outfits.
Isobel is a recessionista.
She looks great, too, but
she does it on a budget.
I had a flightmare while
traveling from Dallas to
Chicago. The plan sat on the
runway for three hours, one of
the bathrooms was out of
order, and the airline lost my
luggage.
The U.S. Postal System might
charge more for snail mail next
year. Stamps may cost a few
cents more.
• Start studying vocab words on pgs. 129 &
138 (quiz on Wed, Feb. 1).
– Login.Cengagebrain.com has words with
definitions under Additional Resources-“Student Companion Site.”
• Read “Career Health App” (pgs. 130-138).
Complete answers in pencil in the book.
We will discuss. Don’t forget to do the
“Pre-Reading of the Selection” (pgs 130131)