Transcript phoneme - Rushey Green Primary School

Friday 13th January 2017
Welcome
Thank you for attending our
Phonics
information presentation
Delivered by Mrs. Badar (Deputy Headteacher)
Rushey Green Primary School
Between 2009 and 2012:
69% of boys achieved national expectations in
English at KS2 …
31% did not.
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Data for 2012: Key Stage 4
34% overall did not achieve grade C or higher for
English GCSE.
32% overall did not make expected KS2 progress
in English.
65% of the children in Year 1 did not make the
expected progress in English.
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In 2012, a National Literacy Trust survey found
that:
One in every six adults struggles with literacy
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Literacy
Statistics from 2014
• one in five children in England had not learnt
to read by the age of 11.
• England is the only country where 16-24 year
olds have lower literacy skills than 55-65 yearolds.
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Reading for Pleasure
FACT
16 year-olds who choose to read books for
pleasure outside of school are more likely to
secure professional jobs in later life.
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Health and wellbeing impacts of reading
• Improves health
• Happier, do not suffer from depression.
• Reduces risk of developing dementia.
• More satisfied with life, more positive.
• 76% of adults say that reading improves their
life.
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Parents are the most important
reading role models for their children.
• Only one in five parents find the opportunity
to read to their children.
• The rest struggling due to fatigue and busy
lifestyles.
• Fathers with higher incomes are more likely
to read to their children.
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Teaching Phonics
In 2006 Sir Jim Rose completed a
independent review of the teaching of
early reading.
The Rose Report made clear that there
are two dimensions to reading –
1. ‘word recognition’
2. ‘language comprehension’.
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Read this to the person sitting next to you
I pug h fintle bim litchen.
Wigh ar wea dueing thiss?
Ie feall sstewppide!
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What do you need to do to read this?
• Did you try and link the words that are similar: litchen is like
kitchen.
• Look at line 1. have a good go at pronouncing the words right?
• Tell me in your own words what this is about?
This is what we ask children to do all the time.
Some children can sound out the words fairly confidently.
But do they understand what they are reading?
• Why was it easier with the second two lines?
• What do you think our children might find difficult?
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Phonics: Key concepts and skills
Concept 1
Sounds (phonemes) are represented by letters (graphemes)
English is an alphabetic language – unlike Chinese, for example,
where whole words are represented by characters.
Concept 2
A phoneme can be represented by one letter (grapheme) or by
a group of 2 or more letters. (e.g. ‘sh’, ‘igh’, ‘eigh’)
Concept 3
The same sound (phoneme) can be represented (spelt) more
than one way.
cat
kennel
choir
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Concept 4
The same grapheme (spelling) may represent
more than one phoneme
mean – deaf
crown – flown
field – tried
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Key skill 1 – blending
Merging phonemes together to pronounce a
word
In order to read an unfamiliar word, a child must
recognise the phoneme related to each letter
and then merge them together to pronounce
the word.
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Key skill 2 – segmentation
Hearing individual phonemes with a word.
e.g. “crash” has 4 phonemes
c-r-a-sh
In order to spell, a child must segment a word
into phonemes and choose a letter to represent
the phonemes.
Blending and Segmenting are reversible skills
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The sounds of English
There are 24 letters in the alphabet.
The British spoken English is generally
known to use 44 sounds, or
‘phonemes’.
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How do I know what I should be teaching my child?
Alphabetic knowledge
What single letters does my child recognise?
What groups of letters (“ee”, “ch”, “igh” etc) does my child recognise?
Blending
Can my child blend orally ?
Can your child hear what word is being sounded out? c-a-t = cat
Can my child blend to read – if a child sees a written word, can she/he say
the sounds made by each letter and put these together to make a word?
Segmenting
If an adult says a word, can my child say each sound that makes up that word?
Dog – can the child tell you the sounds in this word?
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Some definitions
A
phoneme
is the smallest unit of sound in a word.
c-u-p
c-a-t
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d-o-g
Count the phonemes
How many phonemes can you count in the
following words?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Mask
Car
Jumper
Norway
Communication
Success
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Count the phonemes
How many phonemes can you count in the
following words?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Mask - 4
Car - 2
Jumper – 5
Norway - 4
Communication - 9
Success - 5
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Test
Slip
How many phonemes are there in slip?
Strap
How many phonemes are there in Strap?
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strap
strap contains five phonemes /s/ t/ r/ a/ p/
• ‘str’ is not a phoneme
• ‘ap’ is not a phoneme
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Grapheme
Letter(s) representing a phoneme
t
ai
igh
ough
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Blending
Recognising the letter sounds in a written
word, for example
c-u-p, merging them in the order in
which they are written to pronounce the
word ‘cup’.
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Oral blending (auditory processing)
Hearing a series of spoken sounds and merging
them together to make a spoken word – no text
is used.
For example
‘b-u-s’, the children say ‘bus’.
This skill is usually taught before blending and
reading printed words.
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Segmenting
Identifying the individual sounds in a
spoken word
e.g. him
h-i-m
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Vowels
a, e, i, o, u
The rest of the letters in the alphabet
are called
Consonants
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Digraph
Two letters, which make one sound
A consonant digraph contains two
consonants
sh ck th ll
A vowel digraph contains at least one
vowel
ai ee ar oy
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Trigraph
Three letters, which make one sound
igh
dge
Split digraph
A digraph in which the two letters are not
adjacent (e.g. make, fuse, note, kite, even)
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CVC words
What do you understand by the term
CVC words?
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CVC Words
• C consonant phoneme
• V vowel phoneme
• C consonant phoneme
e.g.
Cat, dog, mat, pit, had, hen, nut
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Examples of
CCVC, CVCC, CCCVC and CCVCC
black
ccv c
s t r o ng
cccv c
felt
cvcc
blank
ccvcc
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Phonics Screening Test
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Nonsense words
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2015 Phonics Test
fip
melp
yair
zoom
pon
heent
blies
rice
hab
shed
keam
grand
vib
long
whape
cloaks
dack
soil
braft
scrap
chob
chart
thront
strike
nurt
crab
sprop
river
queet
fresh
strow
diving
plap
wink
law
beehive
froin
shuts
glued
midnight
Please focus on encouraging your child to blend the sounds to read the words
correctly.
Please help your child to recognise the difference between real words and
‘Nonsense’ words, as these are used to check your child's ability to blend sounds
using their phonic knowledge, regardless of what the word might be.
Rushey Green Primary School
2016 Phonics Test
Lig
haps
jjgh
lied
mep
barst
woats
wove
gax
chin
rird
drank
emp
deck
phope
treats
beff
Horn
glips
cram
shup
queen
floost
stroke
doil
tram
splam
arrow
charb
press
stribe
forest
frex
self
stair
wishing
criff
keeps
haunt
brighter
Please focus on encouraging your child to blend the sounds to read the words
correctly.
Please help your child to recognise the difference between real words and
‘Nonsense’ words, as these are used to check your child's ability to blend sounds
using their phonic knowledge, regardless of what the word might be.
Rushey Green Primary School
Thank you for listening!
Any Questions?
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