Transcript reception parent phonics

What is phonics?
Phonics is recommended as the first strategy that
children should be taught in helping them learn to
read. It runs alongside other teaching methods such
as Guided Reading and Shared Reading to help
children develop all the other vital reading skills and
hopefully give them a real love of reading.
Words are made up from small units of sound called phonemes.
Phonics teaches children to be able to listen carefully and identify
the phonemes that make up each word. This helps children to learn
to read words and to spell words.
Terminology
Phoneme- a phoneme is the smallest unit of
sound in a word.
Grapheme- a letter or sequence of letters
that represents a phoneme.
1
2
3
c
a
t
b
ir
d
f
i
sh
kn
igh
t
These words each have three
phonemes (separate sounds). Each of
these phonemes is represented by a
grapheme. A grapheme may consist
of on, two, three or four letters.
Digraph- a diagraph is a two- letter grapheme
where two letters represent one sound such as
‘ea’ in seat and ‘sh’ in ship.
It’s important to pronounce each phoneme the correct way
otherwise it makes it harder for children to hear the sounds in
the word.
For example:
Muh+ ah+ tuh= muhahtuh
If you use the phoneme it is easier for children to sound talk the
phonemes and blend them to read the word.
M+a+t= mat
Lets listen and join in with the phonemes
Let’s sound talk and blend these
words.
cat
mum
bag
moon
dad
map
light
rocket
First steps for children- model listening
and speaking.
•Encourage talking- this helps children to develop language and
explore new language. Allow children time to think about what
has been said, gather their thoughts and construct their replies.
•Model good listening- show your child how to make good eye
contact with the person speaking, ask questions, repeat back to
confirm, comment on what has been said and give lots of
opportunities for communication.
•Good models of spoken English- expand vocabulary, structure
sentences, speak with confidence and clearly, sustain dialogue.
We use the Letters and Sounds programme to
teach high quality systematic phonics teaching.
This comprises of six structured phases.
Phase 1:
General sound discriminations- environmental
sounds e.g. Listening walks, instrumental and
body percussion.
Rhythm and rhyme e.g. Nursery rhymes
Alliteration
Voice sounds
Oral blending and segmenting
Phase 2
Begins the introduction of grapheme- phoneme correspondences (GPCs).
Decoding for reading and encoding for spelling are taught as reversible
processes. As soon as the first few correspondences have been learned, children
are taught to blend and segment with them. Blending means merging the
individual phonemes together into whole words; segmenting is the reverse
process of splitting up whole spoken words into individual phonemes.
Phase 3
Completes the teaching of the alphabet, and children move on to sounds
represented by more than one letter.