Transcript Phonics - Petersgate Infant School

1st December 2014
Today we are going to learn…
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What is phonics?
How we teach phonics in school
Pronunciation of sounds
The terminology of phonics
Different phases of phonics the children learn
It is going to be active and fun and hope you will
join in!
The classrooms have been set up to see how we
teach phonics at different phases.
What is Phonics?
Phonics is…
Knowledge of
the alphabetic
code
Skills of
segmentation
and blending
Blending
• Recognising the letter/sounds in a written
word and merging the individual
phonemes together to pronounce a word.
To read unfamiliar words a child must
recognise (sound out) each grapheme, not
each letter, then merge the phonemes
together to make a word.
Blending
sh o p
shop
Segmenting
• Identifying the individual
sounds in a spoken word
and writing down letters
for each sound to form
the word .
Segmenting
cup
c u p
Have you heard of these ?
phoneme
segmenting
Split
digraph
grapheme
trigraph
blending
digraph
Phoneme
A phoneme is the smallest unit
of sound in a word.
cat
c a t
Phoneme
A phoneme can be represented
by one or more letters
ee
sh
igh
Pronouncing Phonemes
1. f l m n r s sh v th z
2. e p t ch h
3. b d g w qu y j
 Video of pronunciation of sounds
Can you pronounce these sounds?
f
ch
m
p
g
Can you use the phoneme frame to
work out how many phonemes there
are in these words?
pig
church
boy
curl
thorn
chick
down
shirt
p
ch
i
ur
g
ch
Grapheme
A grapheme is a letter or
sequence of letters that
represents a phoneme(written
sounds)
f
sh
igh
Some definitions:
Digraph:
Two letters, which make one sound.
A consonant digraph contains 2 consonants:
sh ck th ll
A vowel digraph contains at least one vowel:
ai
ee ar oy
How we teach phonics in school
• Letters and Sounds Phonics
Programme
• Taught from Early Years – Year 2
• 20 minutes daily
• Phases 1 to 6
• Children are grouped by phase in
their year group.
What does a Phonics lesson look like?
Revisit/review Flashcards to practise
phonemes learnt so far.
Teach
Teach new phoneme
Practise
Writing and reading words with
that taught phoneme
Read sentences with key words
and new phonemes
Apply
Phase 1
This phase concentrates on developing children’s
speaking and listening skills. We get children
attuned to the sounds around them.
• Environmental
Alliteration
• Instrumental sounds
Voice Sounds
• Body Percussion
Rhythm and rhyme
• Oral segmenting/blending
Workshop – JellyFish Class – Early Years
Phase 2
• This phase begins in Early Years
• Phonics sessions are fun sessions involving
lots of speaking, listening and games
• The children will have a small number of
grapheme/phoneme correspondences,
blending and segmenting can start
(/s/a/t/p/i/n/)
• ‘Your child will also learn several tricky words;
those that cannot be sounded out
• Eg: the, to, I, go, no
Workshop – Starfish Class – Early Years
Phase 2
Up to 6 weeks
Activity: How many words can you
make?
• With word cards:
s a t p i n m d
Make as many CVC & CV words as you can.
Phase 3
• The main individual letter phonemes have now
been learnt, and children are reading CVC words
independently – dog , chip
• CVC words follow the pattern consonant, vowel,
consonant, eg: cat, dog, pet.
• Words such as tick or bell also count as CVC words;
although they contain four letters, they only have
three sounds
• 12 weeks
Workshop – Octopus Class – Year 1
Phase 3
• Phase 3 teaches children to learn the
graphemes (written sounds), made up of more
than one letter, eg: ‘oa’ as in boat ‘ai’ as in
train
• Your child will also learn all the letter names in
the alphabet and how to form them correctly
• Read more tricky words and begin to spell
some of them
• Read and write words in phrases and
sentences
Phase Three
Set 6
Set 7
ch
ai
oo
ow
ure
j
y
v
z, zz
sh
ee
ar
oi
er
w
qu
th
igh
or
ear
ir
12 weeks
x
ng
oa
ur
air
Phase 4
• This phase consolidates all the children have
learnt in the previous phases.
• They will blend phonemes to read CVC words
and segment words for spelling.
• They will also be able to read two syllable words
that are simple.
Workshop – Turtle Class Year 1
Phase 5
• Phase 5 lasts 30 weeks
• Throughout Year 1 and into Year 2
• Children will be taught new graphemes e.g oy ,
aw, ir and alternative pronunciations for these
graphemes.
• The same phoneme can be represented in more
than one way, for example: rain, may, lake
• The same grapheme can represent more than
one phoneme, for example: meat, deaf, great.
Workshop – Seahorse Class Year 2
Phase 6
• The focus is on learning spelling rules for word
endings (these are known as suffixes) The
children learn how words change when you add
certain letters. There are 12 different suffixes
taught:
-s
-er
-ful
-es
-est
-ly
-ing
-y
-ment
-ed
-en
-ness
Workshop – Whales Class – Year 2
phoneme
segmenting
Split
digraph
grapheme
trigraph
blending
digraph
Year 1 Phonics Test
Resources
http://www.phonicsplay.co.uk
Phonics leaflet