Transcript TEACHING VOCABULARY

TEACHING VOCABULARY
Калинина Е.А.
доцент кафедры филологического
образования СарИПКиПРО
How many words are there and
how many do we need to teach?
Estimates for native speakers
vary between 12000 and
20000 depending on the level
of education.
Learners can understand a
large proportion of texts
with a relatively small
vocabulary.
Learners who know the most
frequent 2000 words will
understand almost 80 % of
the words in an average
text.
1. It is important to identify
the most frequent 20005000 vocabulary items and
give them priority in
teaching.
2.Students need to become
self-sufficient learners.
A corpus is a collection of
texts which is stored in a
computer.
What can we learn from the
Corpus about vocabulary?
• Frequency
• Differences in speaking and
writing
• Contexts of use
• Collocation
• Grammatical patterns
• Strategic use of vocabulary
What do we need to teach
about vocabulary?
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The meanings of the word
Its spoken and written forms
What “word parts” it has
Its grammatical behaviour
Its collocations
Its register
What associations it has
What connotations it has
Its frequency
How can we help learners
learn vocabulary?
• FOCUS ON VOCABULARY
“…without grammar very
little can be conveyed,
without vocabulary
nothing can be conveyed”
• OFFER VARIETY
• REPEAT AND RECYCLE
• PROVIDE
OPPORTUNITIES TO
ORGANIZE VOCABULARY:
REAL-WORLD GROUPS
LANGUAGE-BASED GROUPS
PERSONALIZED GROUPS
• Make vocabulary learning
personal
• Don’t overdo
• Use strategic vocabulary
in class
HELPING STUDENTS
BECOME INDEPENDENT
LEARNERS:
• Vocabulary notebooks
• Research tools
• Everyday usage
Learner’s word list
Lexic Pro Trans Gram Collo Exam
al
nunci lation mar catio ple
item ation
n
Idea
Things you can know
about a lexical item:
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Spelling
The number of syllables
Phonemes
Which syllables are stressed
What part of speech it is
Grammatically related forms
The basic meaning
• Other meanings
• The semantic space it occupies (where the
meaning of one word ends and another
begins)
• Metaphorical meanings
• Collocational field
• Translation
• False friends (words which in translation
suggest a wrong meaning)
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True friends
Lexical families
Synonyms
Homonyms (words that have the
same spelling but different
meanings)
• Homophones (words that are
pronounced the same but have a
different meaning)
• Antonyms
• Suffixes or prefixes that can be added to
the word
• The visual image people have for this word
• Personal feelings about this word
• Mnemonics (things help you remember the
word).