Transcript Analogies
Analogies Understanding Word Patterns Analogies are Word Relationships A definition… An analogy is a comparison between two things, and the comparison is used to determine the relationship between different sets of things. Bark is to dog as meow is to cat. Word Analogies Analogies develop logic. Analyze two words and identify the relationship between them. Find another pair of words that has the same relationship. Many Different Types of Analogies • • • • • • • • Synonym: cool is to chilly Antonym: hot is to cold Homonym: there is to there Category/subcategory: vegetable is to celery Part to whole: core is to apple Function to thing: cook is to stove Functions: microwave is to cook Verb Forms: go is to goes Synonyms Words that have the same meanings Types of Analogies What’s the relationship? DRY : ARID :: lost : mislaid Both words have similar meanings so this relationship is a synonym Antonyms Words that have opposite meanings Types of Analogies What’s the relationship? KIND : CRUEL :: happy : sad Both words have opposite meanings, so their relationship is an antonym. Homonyms Same sound, different meanings Types of Analogies What’s the relationship? Hair is to hare as bear is to bare. Present : present :: read : reed Both words have the same sounds, so their relationship is a homonym Category-Subcategory Category: a class or group of things, people, etc., possessing some quality or qualities in common Subcategory: A subdivision that has common differentiating characteristics within a larger category. Types of Analogies Example: Color is to red as number is to five. Categories: color and number Sub-Categories : red and five Whole-Part WHOLE includes everything. Part is only a part of the whole. Hand is to finger as foot is to toe. Whole: hand/foot Part: finger/ toe Types of Analogies What’s the relationship? POEM : STANZA :: play : acts CHAPTER: BOOK :: fender : automobile Whole/Part. Function An activity or purpose natural to or intended for a person or thing Types of Analogies What’s the relationship? KNIFE : CUT :: shovel : dig The function of a knife is to cut. Function Verb Tenses a category that locates a situation in time, to indicate when the situation takes place Examples: past, present, future Types of Analogies Win is to won as lose is to lost. Swim : swam :: eat : ate. Present and past tenses are Verb Tenses Types of Analogies How do you choose the correct word to complete an analogy? Guidelines to solve analogies decide upon the relationship between first 2 words state the relationship - car is to tire because___________ examine the third word – chair select a fourth word that will make the third-fourth word have the same relationship as the firstsecond word be ready to explain your fourth word selection Car is to tire as chair is to ______. Model and Practice On is to off as start is to __________. stop, opposites Nail is to finger as hair is to _________. head, part to whole Eye is to see as ear is to ____________. hear, thing to function Swift is to deer as slow is to _________. turtle, characteristic to thing Wool is to sheep as egg is to _________. chicken, product to thing Now what do you think? Is this analogy correct? More Analogies to Solve Quia - Awesome Analogies – Practice your knowledge of analogies through these interactive challenge questions. http://www.quia.com/cb/7146.html Quia – Hangman Analogies - Here is an interactive hangman game format to practice analogies. http://www.quia.com/hm/22953.html Fact Monster – Analogy of the Day - Practice for every day! http://www.factmonster.com/analogies