Transcript Part II - lcjvs.com

Part II
Med Term Integumentary System
Chapter 5
Kaposi’s Sarcoma
• Pronounced
– (CAP-oh-seez sar-KOH-ma)
• Defined
– Rare malignant lesions beginning as soft purplebrown nodules or plaques on the feet
– Gradually spreads throughout skin
– Increased incidence in men with AIDS
Keloid
• Pronounced
– (KEE-loyd)
• Defined
– Enlarged, irregularly shaped, elevated scar that
forms due to the presence of large amounts of
collagen during formation of a scar
Keratosis
• Pronounced
– (kair-ah-TOH-sis)
• Defined
– Skin condition in which there is a thickening and
overgrowth of the cornified epithelium
Seborrheic Keratosis
• Pronounced
– (seb-oh-REE-ik kair-ah-TOH-sis)
• Defined
– Brown or waxy yellow wart-like lesions that are
loosely attached to the skin
– Also known as senile warts
Actinic Keratosis
• Pronounced
– (ak-TIN-ic kair-ah-TOH-sis)
• Defined
– Premalignant, gray or red-to-brown, hardened
lesion caused by excessive exposure to sunlight
– Also known as solar keratosis
Leukoplakia
• Pronounced
– (loo-koh-PLAY-kee-ah)
• Defined
– White, hard, thickened patches firmly attached to
the mucous membrane
• In mouth, vulva, or penis
Malignant Melanoma
• Pronounced
– (mah-LIG-nant mel-ah-NOH-mah)
• Defined
– Malignant skin tumor originating from
melanocytes in preexisting nevi, freckles, or skin
with pigment
– Darkly pigmented tumor with irregular surfaces
and borders; variable colors
ABCDs of
Malignant Melanomas
•
•
•
•
Asymmetry
Borders
Color
Diameter
Nevus
• Pronounced
– (NEV-us)
• Defined
– Visual accumulation of melanocytes, creating a
flat or raised rounded macule or papule with
definite borders
– Commonly known as a mole
Onychocryptosis
• Pronounced
– (on-ih-koh-krip-TOH-sis)
• Defined
– Ingrown nail
• Most commonly involves the large toe
Onychomycosis
• Pronounced
– (on-ih-koh-my-KOH-sis)
• Defined
– Fungal infection of the nails
Pediculosis
• Pronounced
– (pee-dik-you-LOH-sis)
• Defined
– Highly contagious parasitic infestation caused by
blood-sucking lice
Pediculosis
• Pediculosis capitis
– Head
• Pediculosis corporis
– Body
• Pediculosis palpebrarum
– Eyelashes and eyelids
• Pediculosis pubis
– Pubic hair
Pemphigus
• Pronounced
– (PEM-fih-gus)
• Defined
– Rare, incurable disorder manifested by blisters in
the mouth and on the skin
– Spreads to involve large areas of the body
Pilonidal Cyst
• Pronounced
– (pye-loh-NYE-dal SIST)
• Defined
– Closed sac located in the sacrococcygeal area of
the back
– Sometimes noted at birth as a dimple
Psoriasis
• Pronounced
– (soh-RYE-ah-sis)
• Defined
– Common, noninfectious, chronic skin disorder
manifested by silvery-white scales over round,
raised, reddened plaques producing itching
– Pruritus
Rosacea
• Pronounced
– (roh-ZAY-she-ah)
• Defined
– Chronic inflammatory skin disease that mainly
affects the skin of the middle third of the face
• Characterized by persistent redness over the areas of
the face, nose, and cheeks
Scabies
• Pronounced
– (SKAY-beez)
• Defined
– Highly contagious parasitic infestation caused by
the “human itch mite”
– Resulting in a rash, pruritus, and a feeling in the
skin of “something crawling”
Scleroderma
• Pronounced
– (sklair-ah-DER-mah)
• Defined
– Gradual thickening of the dermis and swelling of
the hands and feet to a state in which the skin is
anchored to the underlying tissue
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
• Pronounced
– (sis-TEM-ic LOO-pus air-ih-them-ah-TOH-sis)
• Defined
– Chronic, multi-system, inflammatory disease
characterized by lesions of the nervous system
and skin, renal problems, and vasculitis
– Characteristic “Butterfly rash” is often seen on
nose and face
Tinea
• Pronounced
– (TIN-ee-ah)
• Defined
– Chronic fungal infection of the skin
– Characterized by scaling, itching, and sometimes
painful lesions
Tinea
• Tinea capitis
– Scalp
• Tinea corporis
– Body
• Tinea cruris
– Groin
• Tinea pedis
– Foot
Verruca
• Pronounced
– (ver-ROO-kah)
• Defined
– Benign, circumscribed, elevated skin lesion that
results from hypertrophy of the epidermis
– Commonly known as a wart
Verruca
• Verruca vulgaris
– Common wart on face, elbow, fingers, or hands
• Plantar warts
– Singly or in clusters on the sole of the foot
• Venereal warts
– Transmitted by sexual contact
• Seborrheic warts
– Seen in the elderly on the face, neck, chest, or
upper back
DIAGNOSTIC
TECHNIQUES,
TREATMENTS AND
PROCEDURES
Integumentary System
Diagnostic Techniques, Treatments,
and Procedures
• Allergy testing
– Various procedures used to identify specific
allergens in an individual by exposing the person
to a very small quantity of the allergen
• Cautery
– Heat or caustic substances that burn and scar the
skin
Diagnostic Techniques,
Treatments, and Procedures
• Cryosurgery
– Noninvasive treatment that uses subfreezing
temperature to freeze and destroy tissue
• Curettage and electrodesiccation
– Scraping away of abnormal tissue, followed by
destroying the tumor base with a low-voltage
electrode
Diagnostic Techniques,
Treatments, and Procedures
• Debridement
– Removal of debris, foreign objects, and damaged
or necrotic tissue from a wound in order to
prevent infection and promote healing
• Dermabrasion
– Removal of the epidermis and a portion of the
dermis with sandpaper or brushes in order to
eliminate superficial scars of unwanted tattoos
Diagnostic Techniques,
Treatments, and Procedures
• Dermatoplasty
– Skin transplantation to a body surface damaged by
injury or disease
• Electrodesiccation
– Technique using an electrical spark to burn and
destroy tissue
– Also known as fulguration
Diagnostic Techniques,
Treatments, and Procedures
• Electrosurgery
– Removal or destruction of tissue with an electrical
current
• Escharotomy
– Incision made into the necrotic tissue resulting
from a severe burn
Diagnostic Techniques,
Treatments, and Procedures
• Liposuction
– Aspiration of fat through a suction cannula or
curette to alter the body contours
• Skin biopsy
– Removal of a small piece of tissue from skin
lesions for examination under a microscope to
confirm or establish a diagnosis
Diagnostic Techniques,
Treatments, and Procedures
• Skin graft
– Process of placing tissue on a recipient site, taken
from a donor site, in order to provide the
protective mechanisms of skin to an area unable
to regenerate skin
• Wood’s lamp
– Ultraviolet light that is used to examine the scalp
and skin for the purpose of observing fungal
spores