Transcript anthrax - bYTEBoss

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39187n
ANTHRAX
A PRESENTATION OF IMAGES
AND SYMPTOMS
Anthrax Scare
Anthrax Growing on Dish
Anthrax Shape and Size
Bacteria cells are
the long, curved
cells.
Human cells are
the larger,
rounded cells.
Anthrax Spores
False-color spores
Small circles are spores
The spore stage is useful in making biological weapons.
It will survive in conditions that will kill a living cell.
Scanning Electron Microscope
Photograph
The typical rod
shaped cell of
Bacillus
anthracis. Note
the cells just
divided in the
upper right.
Anthrax in Wild Animals
Note the bloody
discharge about the
nose. Possible
inhalation anthrax.
Three types described by route of
infection
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Skin / Cutaneous
Lungs / Inhalation
Food / Gastrointestinal
Cutaneous
Cutaneous anthrax
Most anthrax infections occur
through a cut on the skin.
About 2,000 cases are
reported annually.
Symptoms
Skin infections begin as an
itchy bump which over 2-6
days develops into a boil and
then a depressed black skin
lesion.
Cutaneous
Effects
After the spores germinate they release toxins
which damage the skin tissues. The disease can
spread throughout the body, but deaths are
rare. With treatment mortality is less than 1%.
Treatment
The antibiotic being used to treat the current
cases in the US is ciprofloxacin, known in the
UK as ciproxin.
Infection of Arm
Notice the dark sore
on the patient’s arm.
Growth of skin infection
Skin Anthrax
Anthrax on inner
surface of the palm
Skin Anthrax
Infection of forearm.
Pulmonary Anthrax
Inhalation / Pulmonary
anthrax
This is the rarest form of the
disease. Between 1900 and 1978
only 18 cases were recorded in
the US.
Symptoms
Initially coughs and sneezes,
much like a common cold. Within
36 hours chest pains, severe
breathing problems and shock will
develop. This type of anthrax
usually results in death after
about two days.
Pulmonary Anthrax
Effects
The spores are absorbed through the alveoli into
the lymph system. They may not become active
for up to two months. Once they germinate they
release toxins which rapidly leads to
hemorrhaging. Any delay administering
antibiotics will reduce the chances of survival.
Mortality rate for this type of anthrax is about
89%.
Treatment
The antibiotic being used to treat the current
cases in the US is ciprofloxacin, known in the UK
as ciproxin.
Pulmonary Anthrax
Notice the dark
red patches in
the otherwise
bright red lung
tissue. The dark
parches are the
site of infection.
Pulmonary Anthrax
CT scan through chest.
Shows enlarged bloodfilled lymph nodes (blue
arrows) next to main
stem bronchi and fluid
surrounding both lungs
(red arrows).
Pulmonary Anthrax
The arrows
indicate the
areas of fluid
buildup due
to infection
Anthrax growth in lung tissue
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
Gastrointestinal anthrax
This type of the disease is rare and
develops after a person eats meat
contaminated with anthrax.
Symptoms
Intestinal anthrax is characterized
by acute inflammation of the gut.
Initial nausea, loss of appetite,
fever and vomiting is followed by
abdominal pain, vomiting of blood
and acute diarrhea.
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
Effects
Without treatment it results in death for 24% to
60% of cases.
Treatment
Anthrax can be treated with antibiotics.
Hypothetical weponized anthrax
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9316877