Transcript Skin Cancer
November 13, 2007 Chapter: 31 Title: Noninfectious Diseases and Disabilities Lesson : 2 Title: Skin Cancer Grade Level: High school freshman health class one week before spring break Skin Cancer Prevention By: Lindsay Guckian Sofia Barufaldi Gregory Riherd Joseph Plaza Did you know? If you have had one or more severe, blistering sunburn during your lifetime, you are at increased risk for melanoma. More than 1 million new cases annually Only 1 in 7 high school students reported using sun block with SPF 15 or higher 1 in 5 Americans will develop some form of skin cancer during their lifetime What is Skin Cancer? Skin Cancer is cancer that forms in tissues of the skin There are three types of Skin Cancer Basal Cell Carcinoma Squamous Cell Carcinoma Melanoma Basal Cell Carcinoma Accounts for 80% of all skin cancers in the U.S Arises from the basal cells, small round cells found in the base of the epidermis Slow-growing cancer that seldom spreads to other parts of the body, and generally is readily treatable If not treated may erode into surrounding structures Squamous Cell Carcinoma The second most common form of skin cancer Approximately 250,000 new cases per year Begins in the squamous cells, which are thin flat cells that look like fish scales and are found in the tissues that forms the surface of the skin Melanoma Is the most serious form of skin cancer Can be curable if detected early However, if it is not treated it can spread to other part of the body an be fatal. It is estimated that in 2007 8,110 fatalities 5,220 in men 2,800 in women Four Types of Melanoma Superficial spreading melanoma Lentigo maligna Acral lentiginous melanoma Nodular melanoma Reported Skin Cancer Cases in 2007 4% Basal Cell Carcinoma 16% Squamous Cell Carcinoma Melanoma 80% American Academy of Dermatology Warning Signs A for Asymmetry B for Border C for Color D for Diameter • Report any changes to your doctor Risk Factors Lighter natural skin color. Family history of skin cancer. A history of sunburns early in life. Skin that burns, freckles, or reddens easily Blue or green eyes. Blond or red hair. Certain types and a large number of moles Frequent use of tanning beds What about Tanning Beds? Tanning Beds 18-30 year olds who use tanning beds10 times or more a year have a 7 times greater incidence of melanoma. Tanning device users had 2.5 times the risk of squamous cell carcinoma and1.5 times the risk of basal cell carcinoma. Types of UV Radiation UVA Responsible for aging and wrinkling. UVB Responsible for sunburns, cataracts, immune system damage, and skin cancer. UVC Most dangerous rays, however, they are blocked by the ozone layer. How to Protect Yourself Avoid the Strongest Rays of the Day Cover up Use Sunscreen Consistently Know about your medications Wear Protective Sunglasses Proper Use of Sunscreen Sunscreen should be used if you are going to be in the sun for more than 20 minutes Sunscreen should be applied 15-30 minutes before sun exposure Use an SPF of 15 or higher SPF 30 is NOT twice as strong at SPF 15 SPF numbers only pertain to their UVB blocking ability Sunscreen does not block out all UV radiation UV radiation changes due to many things… Time of day Time of year Geographical location Altitude Clouds Environment UV Index UV Index Number 0-2 Exposure Level Minutes to Burn Minimal 60 3-4 Low 45 5-6 Moderate 30 7-8 High 15 9-10 Very High 10 UV Index http://www.weather.com/maps/activity/skinprotection/index_large.html REMEMBER SLIP on a shirt SLOP on sunscreen SLAP on a hat