Transcript Integumentary System

Integumentary System
(the skin, hair, and nails)
Integument = covering
Sports Training and Physiology
Kociuba
Integumentary System Objectives
• Recall the structures of the Integumentary
system
• Discuss all the major functions of the
integumentary system
• Explain the dangers your body may
encounter with the integumentary system
• Describe how the integumentary system
changes as you age
Structure of the Skin
• Epidermis
• Dermis
• Subcutaneous
Tissue
Epidermis
• Has no blood vessels
• It is nourished by the dermis and the
diffusion of the capillaries that are close to
the surface of the dermis
• Typically cells are called keratinocytes
because the produce keratin which makes
cells hard
• Exfoliating gets rid of the Epidermis
Are you thick skinned?
• Skin is classified as thick
or thin based upon the
epidermis.
• Most skin found on the
palms of your hands and
the soles of your feet are
thick.
– Found in areas subject to
much pressure
• Thin skin is found around
the rest of your body
– More flexible than thick
skin.
Dermis
• The dermis is
connective tissue with
blood vessels
providing nourishment
• The main connective
tissue that is found in
the dermis is collagen
• It resides under the
Epidermis and is
considered “new skin”
Subcutaneous/Hypo Dermis
• Not considered part of the skin
• Mainly adipose tissue (fat)
• Approx ½ of our stored fat is found in this
layer
• The subcutaneous tissue connects the
skin to the underlying bone and muscle
Accessory Skin Structures
• Hair Structure
– Shaft: protrudes
above the surface of
the skin
– Root: below the
surface
– Hair bulb: base of the
root
– Hair follicle: tube like
bulb where the hair
develops
Accessory Skin Structures
• Nails
– Body
– Root
– Fold
– Cuticle
– Bed
**Consist of dead cells
and hard keratin
Functions of the
Integumentary System
• Protection
– Infection
– Abrasions
– Ultraviolet light
• Sensation
– Detect heat, cold,
pressure and pain
• Temperature
Regulation
– Sweat
• Vitamin D production
– When exposed to
ultraviolet light,
produces a molecule
that can make vitamin
D
• Excretion
– Small amounts of
waste can be excreted
through glands in the
skin
• Sweat
Skin Cancer (3 types)
• Basal Cell Carcinoma
– Most common
• Squamous Cell
Carcinoma
– Second Most Common
• Melanoma
– Least Common
– Most Deadly
Early Detection - ABCDE
• A: Asymmetry (one side doesn’t match the
other)
• B: Border Irregularity (edges are ragged,
notched, or blurred)
• C: Color (pigmentation is not uniform)
• D: Diameter (greater than 6mm)
• E: Evolving (lesion changes over time)
Aging and the Skin
• Epidermis thins as you age
• The collagen production in the dermis
decreases (wrinkling)
• Decrease in elastic fibers in the dermis
(wrinkling)
• Age spots
• Grey or white hair (melanin production
decreases)