Transcript Semester Final Review PPT

ES112 Spring
Semester Final Test
Study Guide Review
Greenhouse Gases
• Greenhouse gases are gases that exist in
the atmosphere, have gotten there either
naturally or by other means, and cause
heat to be trapped
• What are some examples?
• Identify the top 3 greenhouse gases
1. Water vapor (H2O)
2. Carbon dioxide (CO2)
3.Methane (CH4)
Oceans
• What determines
density?
• What is Upwelling?
You have to be able to explain the two
factors that affect ocean water density
TemperatureSalinity (density)
Diagram
Upwelling is a process in which
deep, cold water rises toward the
surface
• Winds blowing across the ocean surface
push water away. Colder water then rises
up from beneath the surface to replace the
water that was pushed away.
Some parts of the water cycle
• Condensation process by which water vapor in
the air is changed into liquid water
• Evaporation process by which water changes
from a liquid to a gas or vapor
• Transpiration water vapor released from plants
• Precipitation water released from clouds in the
form of rain, freezing rain, sleet, snow, or hail
• Sublimation the conversion between the solid
and the gaseous phases of matter, with no
intermediate liquid stage.
Cellular respiration is necessary for the organism's survival, and it
helps move the carbon cycle along. What gas do organisms use
in cellular respiration to produce carbon dioxide and help move
the carbon cycle (3.06)
The Carbon cycle is tied to the
Oxygen Cycle
Where does the Sun’s Energy
Come From?
• Nuclear Fusion
• Takes place in the
core
• Two hydrogen atoms
join together to form
helium
• Heat and light energy
are a by-product of
the nuclear fusion
process
Planets
• Terrestrial – Mercury,
Venus, Earth, and
Mars
• Gas – Jupiter, Saturn,
Uranus, and Neptune
What two factors affect a planet’s
gravity?
Size and mass
Rotating Planets!!!
What similarities do Earth and Venus have?
Venus
Average Distance from the Sun :..........0.72 Astronomical Units
Radius:................................................ 3,760 Miles
Mass: ....................................................0.8 x Earth
Day:.......................................................243 Earth days
Year:..................................................... 224.7 Earth days
Avg. Temperature: ................................864 F
Moons :.................................................none
Gravity: If you weigh 100 pounds on Earth,
you would weigh 91 pounds on Venus.
Earth
Avg Dist from the Sun :............ 1.0 Astronomical Unit
Radius :............ 3,959 mi
Day :................. 24 hours
Year :.................365 days
Avg. Temp:........ 59 F
All planets rotate counterclockwise except Venus.
Eclipses
• Solar – new moon,
moon casts a shadow
on earth
• Lunar – full moon,
earth casts a shadow
on the moon
You have to know how to interpret a
diagram, and explain the sequence and
causes of lunar phases
Do we see all sides of the moon or always
the same side? Explain your answer in
1 to 2 sentences
• We see one side because the Moon is
orbiting the Earth.
• The Moon rotates about its axis as it orbits
the Earth.
NOTE: The wobble of the moon on its axis
as it rotates enables us to see a little more
than half (about 59%) of the moon.
When looking at two stars that are the same
distance away, how can you tell one
star is hotter than the other?
Explain the difference between
comets, asteroids and meteors.
• Asteroids are smaller than planets but
larger than meteoroids, meaning that an
asteroid can range from a few meters wide
to hundreds of km wide.
Most are found between Mars and Jupiter.
comets
• Comets are icy and travel from the outer to
the inner solar system and back.
• Gas tail (blue) – away from the Sun
• Dust tail (yellow) – curves toward the
orbital path
Asteroid vs. Meteor vs. Meteorite
• It all depends where it is.
• When a piece hits the earth's atmosphere,
it is called a meteor. If it lands on Earth, it
is called a meteorite.
Recap
• Asteroid – solid rock
that orbits the sun
• Meteor – rock, iron or
icy body entering the
Earth’s atmosphere
• Meteorite – any
meteor striking the
ground
http://kids.discovery.com/quizzes/space/asteroid-comet-or-meteor
What is light?
• A transverse wave
• A wave of both
electricity and
magnetism
– Electromagnetic
energy – energy that
moves as a wave at
the speed of light
• Does not require a
medium and can
travel in a vacuum
So you have to be able to explain what type of
wave light travels as and identify the parts
Be familiar with the sequential process of
light moving through a telescope
Define and give examples of renewable
resources on earth
There are 19 Multiple Choice
questions worth 5 points each
Have a fantastic summer!!!