Transcript Introduction to Earth Science

Inquiry Activity
1.
What features can
you identify in this
photo?
2. Where do you think
this photo was
taken?
3. If you were an Earth
scientist, how could
you use this photo in
your work?
http://www.destinationcanada.info/Images/2007/DecChanges/360_rockies_286.jpg
Let’s see what you remember
Pretest (page 6)
1.
2.
3.
T/F: Our solar system
consists only of Earth and
the sun.
Object A is denser than
water. If object A is
dropped into a cup of
water, what will happen to
the object?
What is Earth know to have
that other planets in our
solar system are not known
to have?
a.
b.
c.
Volcanoes
Rings
Liquid water
4. What is the name of the
imaginary horizontal line
that goes around Earth’s
middle?
5. What is the name of the
imaginary vertical line that
goes around Earth’s middle?
6. What is a storm that brings
strong winds, heavy rains,
and coastal flooding?
1.1 What is Earth Science?
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/th
umb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/260p
x-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg
Today, you will be able to:
• Define Earth science
•Describe the formation of Earth and the
solar system
Vocabulary (index cards)
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Earth science
Geology
Oceanography
Meteorology
Astronomy
Ecology
Ecosystem
What is science?
• System used by humans to learn about the
natural world around them
• When you observe the world around you and
ask questions, you act like a scientist.
• The goal of science is to understand the world
around us.
Well … just what is Earth
Science all about?
http://www.universetoday.com/wpcontent/uploads/2010/01/ring_hst_big.j
pg
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http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_vOTuCKZgJYo/TTptCyl3_I/AAAAAAAACDo/mmtKfBRbJZ0/s160
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http://130.94.184.97/TradeShow/
Booth/132/6251.1.JPG
http://media.web.britannica.com/ebmedia/71/68771-004-242AD57B.jpg
Earth Science is …
• All the sciences that seek to understand the
Earth and the universe around it
• It includes
– Geology (study of the “solid” part of Earth)
– Oceanography (study of the ocean)
– Meteorology (study of the atmosphere)
– Astronomy (study of the universe)
Earth Science & Biology …
What’s the connection?
• Ecology  describes the relationships
between organisms, a.k.a. living things, and
their environment
• When studying communities of organisms, the
environment is referred to as an ecosystem.
Formation of Earth
• Most researchers conclude that Earth and the
other planets formed at essentially the same
time.
• Nebular Hypothesis
– The solar system evolved from an enormous
rotating cloud called the solar nebula.
– The nebula was composed mostly of hydrogen
and helium.
Formation of Earth
• Nebular Hypothesis
– About 5 billion years ago, the nebula began to
contract.
– It assumed a flat, disk shape with the protosun
(pre-Sun) at the center.
– Inner planets begin to form from metallic and
rocky clumps.
– Larger outer planets began forming from
fragments with a high percentage of ices.
A. Our solar system began as
an enormous cloud of dust
and gases made up mostly of
hydrogen and helium.
B. This cloud (nebula) started
to rotate and collapse toward
the center of the cloud. Heat
was generated in the center.
C. Cooling of the nebula caused
rocky and metallic materials to
form tiny solid particles.
D. Repeated collisions of
these particles resulted in the
formation of asteroid sized
bodies.
E. These bodies eventually combined
to form the four inner planets. The
lighter materials and gases formed
the four outer planets.
Formation of Earth
• Layers Form on Earth
– As Earth formed, the decay of radioactive
elements and heat from high-velocity impacts
caused the temperature to increase.
– Lighter rocky components floated outward,
toward the surface.
– Gaseous material escaped from Earth’s interior to
produce the primitive atmosphere.
So … why does the Earth have layers?
• BECAUSE OF DENSITY!!
Word Parts and Meanings (page 5)
Prefix Meaning Prefix Meaning
Anti
Astro Of a star
Reverse
Bathy
Bio
Depth
Life
Chrono
Con
Time
Together
Dia Away from
Epi
Over
Geo
Earth
Hemi
Half
In
Inter Between
Inside
Litho
Stone Meteor In the air
Petro
Proto Primitive
Rock
Strato Covering
Sub
Under
Trans
Across
Prefix Meaning
Atmo
Vapor
Chromo Color
De
Undo
Ex
Out
Hydro
Water
Iso
Equal
Micro
Small
Seismo Earthquake
To a
Tele
distance
Word Parts and Meanings (page 5)
Suffix
-cline
Meaning
Incline
Suffix
Meaning
-graphy
Description
of
Measuring
Resembling
-logy
Science of
-meter
-nomy
Knowledge of
-old
-scope
Instrument for
seeing
Heat
-sphere
Round
-verge
Turn
-therm
ES Branches (page 6)
• Fill in the column with
the name of each
branch and list some of
the things that are
studied.
Geology
Post – Test (page 6)
1.
2.
3.
4.
What is Earth Science?
Name 4 branches of Earth Science.
Why does the Earth have layers?
Use the prefixes and suffixes given to you in class
to form words that match the following
definitions:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Instrument for seeing small objects
Instrument for seeing distant objects
One-half of a planet
Study of water
Method of measuring distant events
Homework
1.
Number pages 1-50 in your notebook
2. Study for at least 15 minutes 