Transcript Means of transport

Transport
Mode of transport
Division
Air transport - Aviation
Land transport - Rail
Land transport - Road
Land transport - Ship
Cable transport
Pipeline transport
Space transport
Incur - způsobit, přivodit, zapříčinit
Conveyance - dopravní prostředek, přeprava
Bulk cargo – objemný náklad
Perishable – rychle se kazící, netrvanlivé zboží
Crude oil – surová ropa
Transport
General
The movement of people,
animals and goods from one
location to another
A key component of economic
growth and globalization
Modes of
transport
Air, rail, road, water, cable,
pipeline and space
Elements
Infrastructure,
operations
vehicles
and
Transport
Passenger transport
Public - operators provide
scheduled services
Private
Negative effects
Air, water and soil pollution
Large amounts of land
Noise and vibration
Waste production…
Mode of transport
Different ways to perform transport
Each mode of transport:
has fundamentally different technological solution
some require a separate environment
has its own infrastructure, vehicles and operations
often has unique regulations
has its own advantage and disadvantage
Mode of transport
Suitable choice depends on:
cost
capability
route
speed
Intermodal/multimodal transport
using more then one mode
Division
Aviation
Rail
Road
Mode of
transport
Land
transport
Ship
Pipelines
Other
modes
Cable
transport
Space
transport
Division
Human-powered
Mode of
transport
Animal-powered
Sometimes regarded as
their own mode
Normally also fall into
the other categories
Air transport - Aviation
Quick transport of people and limited
amounts of cargo over longer distances
The basic elements of the system:
aircraft (airplane, helicopter,
satellites)
air route (airport, air traffic
services, airspace)
Is characterized by relative high safety
Experience the fastest growth
Incur high costs & energy use
Greater dependence on weather
Causes air & noise pollution
Land transport - Rail
Conveyance of passengers and goods
by way of wheeled vehicles running
on rail track
A train consist of :
a railway carriage (one or
more connected vehicles)
a locomotive (steam, diesel or
electric)
Transportation of heavy & bulk cargo
Suitability for medium & long-distance
High reliability of supply
Lower energy consumption than
road transport
More environmentally friendly
than road & air transport
Reduced room for manoeuvre
Land transport - Road
The set of activities that ensure
passengers and goods transportation
by way of wheeled vehicles usually
on roads or paved roads
Users of road:
car
bus
truck
motorcycle
trolley
bicycle
pedestrians
Lowest transit time (especially for
short distances)
The main source of noise & air
pollution in cities
Dense network of road infrastructure
Flexibility - vehicle may be sent
at any time to meet the
transport task
Land transport - Ship
Movement by means of a watercraft
carrying people (passengers) or goods
(cargo)
A watercraft include (basic division):
a barge
a boat
a ship
a sailboat
Highly
effective
method
of
transporting large quantities of nonperishable goods
Less costly than air transport for
transcontinental shipping
Less speed
Lower energy consumption than
road transport
More environmentally friendly
than road & air transport
Pipeline transport
The transportation of goods through a
pipe
Most commonly, liquids and gases are
sent
As for gases and liquids, any
chemically stable substance can be
sent through a pipeline
The
most
valuable
are
those
transporting crude oil and refined oil
product including fuels:
oil
natural gas
biofuels
High reliability & safety of
deliveries
High input costs of implementing
management
Cable transport
Mode where vehicles are pulled cables
instead of an internal power supply
It is most commonly used in a steep
climb
Typical solutions:
cable car
elevator
escalator
ski lift
Transportation of loads in inaccessible
terrain
High initial investment
Space transport
Transport out of Earth's atmosphere into
outer space by means of a spacecraft
While large amounts of research have gone
into technology, it is rarely used, except:
putting satellites into orbit
conducting scientific experiments
However, man has landed on the moon
Probes have been sent to all the planets of
the Solar System
Unique modes…