Transcript Gravity and Space

Physics 3
Gravity and Space
C/W
Earth, Moon & Sun 12-Apr-16
Aims:- 4 know how they move in space
5 describe their path across the sky
6 explain the phases of the Moon
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Starter – 5 minutes
How does the laptop look to John?
Animation 1
Day and Night
Copy notes – 5 minutes
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Earth turns on its axis
This causes day and night
 It takes 24 hours
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The Sun seems to move across the sky
It is always towards the South
 It appears in the East in the morning
 It disappears in the West at night
 It is high up at mid-day
 It is lower in winter
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Copy diagrams – 10 minutes
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Page 133 (top)
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Page 135 (top)
Animation 2
Seasons
(open seasons.swf)
Copy notes – 5 minutes
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Earth orbits the Sun, like all planets
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It takes 1 year (365¼ days)
The rotation axis is tilted
It is always tilted the same way
 This causes the seasons
 The North is tilted towards the Sun in June
 This is our summer time
 The South is tilted away so they have Winter
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Copy diagrams – 10 minutes
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Page 134 (middle)
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Page 134 (bottom-left)
Animation 3
Moon Phases
The Moon – 10 minutes
The Moon orbits the Earth in 28 days
 It looks different each day of the month
depending on how much of it is lit up by
the Sun
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Copy diagram on top of p136
Homework
Look at the moon tonight
 Draw the shape of the moon in your book
(with a proper title and heading of course)
 Extra:
 Look at the moon every hour until bedtime
 How does it move across the sky?
 Project:
 Measuring the size of the Earth
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Are You On Target Today?
Aims:-
4 know how they move in space
5 describe their path across the sky
6 explain the phases of the Moon
C/W
Solar System
12-Apr-16
Aims:- 4 name the planets in order
5 know some details about each planet
6 describe the other parts of the solar
system
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Starter – 5 minutes
How do we know the Earth goes round the Sun
and not the other way round?
Video
Solar System
Questions – 5 minutes
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Dfghlk
Dfgh
Dfgh
Dfgh
dfgh
Travel Brochure – 25 minutes
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Pretend you are a future travel agent
selling holidays in space
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Make a brochure for a trip to your choice
of planet
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Remember to tell us how long the journey
is, what the ‘weather’ is like, and any
sights of special interest on your planet
Homework
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Complete the Trends in the Solar System
worksheet
Extra:
 What are comets?
 Why have we sent space probes to collect
dust from inside comets?
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Are You On Target Today?
Aims:- 4 name the planets in order
5 know some details about each
planet
6 describe the other parts of the
solar system
C/W
Gravity
12-Apr-16
Aims:- 4 know gravity acts to the Earth’s centre
5 know gravity keeps things in orbit
6 describe how gravity changes in space
Starter – discuss with neighbour
Is there any gravity in space?
How do you know?
What about on the Moon?
Copy notes – 5 minutes
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Gravity is a force
Everything is pulled towards the centre of
the Earth by gravity
Draw and label diagram p14 (top-right)
Gravity pulls every object towards every
other object
Usually the force is tiny …
… but the Earth is huge so its gravity is
strong
Calculating Weight
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Weight is the force the Earth pulls on you
Every 1kg is pulled by a force of 10N
Work out the weight of:
a)
b)
c)
d)
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A 1kg bag of sugar
A 20kg dog
A 75kg teacher
A 100g apple
Now do purple box p15
Extension 1
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1.
Each planet has different gravity
The Moon’s gravity is only 1.6N/kg
Calculate the weight of a 50kg student on:
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2.
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the moon
Mars (see p16)
Jupiter
Pluto
Is there any gravity on the Moon?
Is there any atmosphere on the Moon? Why?
Demo
Orbits
Extension 2
1.
2.
3.
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5.
What keeps the bung in the demo going
in a circle?
Why does the bung in the demo not
move towards the hand?
What keeps the Earth orbiting the Sun?
What keep the Moon orbiting the Earth?
Why do they not pull towards each
other?
Why are astronauts weightless?
Q
A
Why does the scale register on Earth?
The pull of the Earth on you squashes
the springs inside
Q
A
Why does a scale not register in orbit?
The pull of the Earth on you keeps you
going in a circle. None is left over to
squash the scale’s springs.
Homework
Bring in some junk for model-making next
time (cardboard boxes, egg boxes, thin
wire, string, tin-foil, coloured paper …)
 Extra:
 Imagine you are on a trip straight from
Earth to the Moon. How does the force of
gravity on you change? Remember both
the Earth’s and the Moon’s gravity act on
you, and that they are different strengths.
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Are You On Target Today?
Aims:- 4 know gravity acts to the Earth’s
centre
5 know gravity keeps things in orbit
6 describe how gravity changes in
space
C/W
Satellites
12-Apr-16
Aims:- 4 know the uses of satellites
5 describe satellite orbits
6 explain how GPS works
Starter – 5 minutes
 Which planets are these?
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Rams
US rant
Curry me
Copy notes – 5 minutes
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A satellite is anything that orbits
something else
The Moon is a satellite (of Earth) – it is a
natural satellite
Artificial satellites are used to do many
different jobs such as weather
forecasting, communication, and spying
Geostationary Demo
Run geosync.swf
Copy notes – 2 mins
Geostationary orbits are used for TV, GPS
signals and some weather satellites
 Polar orbits are used for spying, mapping
and weather
 GPS systems time the signals from
several satellites to work out your exact
position
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Describe
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Choose a satellite job (e.g. weather, spying,
TV …) – give it a name
Describe what it needs to do its job (e.g.
power, aerial for communication, camera, other
sensors, special orbit …)
Sky TV Satellite - ASTRA
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Aerial to receive TV signal
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Aerial to broadcast the signal
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Solar cells to power the satellite
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Geostationary orbit
Build
Build your satellite from junk!
Homework
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Revise for test
Are You On Target Today?
Aims:- 4 know the uses of satellites
5 describe satellite orbits
6 explain how GPS works