Transcript 2010_03_09 LP18 & 19 Jupiter Saturn Uranus

Astronomy 100
Jupiter & Solar System Review
• Now: Think of a question you have about the
outer solar system: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus,
Neptune. I WILL ASK YOU FOR IT LATER!
• Main concepts:
– Go over Charting the Moon
– Jupiter and Saturn
– Basic Facts about Planets
– If time … Uranus and Neptune
• Vocabulary: Mary’s Violet Eyes Made John
Stay Up Nights Period
Know
• 1
Learned
Want to Know
• 2
• 3
Know
• Big red spot: storm
– 400 years
• Big planet: rings
• Layers (stripes)
• Layers top/bottom
• Stuff moves
• BIG, GINORMOUS
• No solids ground?
• Big magnetic field?
• Hydrogen/Helium
Want to Know
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How long will the Red
Spot Last?
How did the giant
planets get there in the
first place?
How do we know what
the atmospheres are
made of?
How do we know that
compounds are in an
atmosphere, and not
their components?
Is/was there life on the
giant planets or their
moons?
What makes the colors?
Do the colors/stripes
change over time?
RINGS?!?!?!??!?!?!?!
Temperature?
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Learned
Gassy
Farther away
Largest in our
Solar System
Neptune and
Uranus are blue
All have rings
Neptune and
Uranus are icey
• How long will the Red Spot Last? 400 yrs+???
• How did the giant planets get there in the first
place? – Coalesced out of the protoplanetary
disk.
• How do we know what the atmospheres are
made of? – Spectra.
• How do we know that compounds are in an
atmosphere, and not their components?
• Molecules absorb differently than elements.
• Is/was there life on the giant planets or their
moons?
– Planets – no
– Moons – Europa, Callisto, Io, Enceladus, Titan
• What makes the colors?
– Composition – Sulfur, Water,
• Do the colors/stripes change over time? yes
• RINGS?!?!?!??!?!?!?! ice
• Temperature?
Temperature?
• Jupiter
– -145C Cloud tops
– 21C (room temp) deeper down – 10 atmospheres
– 24000C middle
– Giving off heat, but only what it had to start with
• Saturn
– -175C cloud tops
– Gives off heat
Temperature?
• Uranus
– -215C top
– 2300C in the “ocean”
– 7000C core
• Neptune
– -214C top
– 4200C “ocean”
– 12600C core
Mercury
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HOT – close to the Sun
Small – smallest of the Terrestrials
Craters
No atmosphere
Venus
• HOT HOT HOT – greenhouse effect
– Could melt lead at the surface
• Same size as Earth
• Atmosphere – thick and toxic
Earth
• Liquid Water
• Life
Mars
• COLD – further from the Sun
• Smaller than Earth
• Carbon Dioxide Atmosphere – less
atmosphere, further from the Sun
• No life that we can see ….
• Solid Water – ice
• Liquid water – a little, sometimes, some places
• Water Vapor – clouds/snow
Jupiter
• Huge
• Made of Gas – H, He, water, methane,
ammonia
• Red Spot – storm
• Rings – we don’t see very well
• Kerjillions of moons
Saturn
• Huge, but smaller then Jupiter
• Made of Gas – H, He, water, methane,
ammonia
• Rings made of ice crystals
• Kerjillions of moons
• Both
– Core – metallic Hydrogen?
Uranus
• Ice?!
• Core (small)
• Lot of moons
• SIDEWAYS
Neptune
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Ice?!
Core (small)
Lot of moons
Dark Spot
Pluto & the Kuiper Belt
• Orbit inclined
• Rock/lot of ice
• 3 moons – Charon, Hydra, Nix
• Quaoar, Haumea, MakeMake, Eris (Dysnomia)
, Sedna
• Dwarf Planets: Ceres, Pluto, Eris, Haumea,
MakeMake
Draw the Solar System IN ORDER
• Answer Now:
• What is a question you STILL have about
Jupiter or Saturn?