Transcript Hinduism - Collierville Middle School

Hinduism
Brahmanism develops into Hinduism
Brahmanism
• Aryan priests
were called
Brahmins.
• Wrote Vedic
texts, which
were their
thoughts about
the Vedas
Evolving Beliefs
Hinduism
The Vedas,
Upanishads, and
other Vedic texts
began blending
with beliefs from
different cultures,
creating Hinduism.
• Many gods
• Reincarnation:
could be reborn
into new forms
and castes
• Men and women
could both gain
salvation, but
women were
inferior.
Hinduism
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Hinduism is a religion that began in
India.
The religion dates back to 1500
B.C., making it the worlds oldest
religion.
There are 750 million Hindus in the
world today.
Most Hindus still live in India.
Hindu Beliefs
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Hindus believe in a single
Divinity or supreme God that is
present in everything called
Brahman.
Hindus also believe in other
gods who are aspects of that
supreme God such as Shiva,
Shakti, and Ganesh.
Brahma
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Brahma is the
Hindu God of
Creation
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Brahma is
traditionally
depicted with four
heads and four
faces and four
arms.
Vishnu
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Vishnu is the Preserver, he is most
famously identified with his human and
animal incarnations (AKA, avatars)
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They are (in order of avatar)
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He manifested Himself as a living being in
ten avatars.
(Fish)
(Turtle)
(Pig/Boar)
(Lion man / from the torso upwards lion,
below, human)
(First fully human form as a dwarf sage who
has the ability to grow very, very tall)
(Fierce man / Hunter)
(Greatest Warrior/ Ideal man)
(Mentally advanced man)
(Sage who is completely still)
(Prophesied, yet to take place)
For Vaishnavas, he is the Ultimate Reality
or God. The Brahman.
And let’s not forget Ganesha
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Ganesha is one of
the most well-known
and venerated
representations of
God
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The Lord of Good
Fortune
Karma and Reincarnation
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Reincarnation is the belief that the soul
repeatedly goes through a cycle of
being born into a body, dying, and
being reborn again in a new body.
Karma, a force that determines the
quality of each life, depending on how
well one behaved in a past life.
Hinduism says we create karma by our
actions on earth. If you live a good life,
you create good karma. If you live a
bad life, you create bad karma.
Moksha
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Each time a Hindu soul is born into a
better life, it has the opportunity to
improve itself further, and get closer to
ultimate liberation.
This liberation is called Moksha.
One attains Moksha when one has
"overcome ignorance", and no longer
desires anything at all.
The ones who reach this state no longer
struggle with the cycle of life and
death.
The way to get to Moksha is to not
create any karma.
Hindu Life Goals
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Hinduism is about the sort of life one
should lead in order to be born into a
better life next time and ultimately
achieve liberation. There are 4 legitimate
goals in life:
dharma (appropriate living)
artha (the pursuit of material gain by
lawful means)
moksha (release from rebirth).
Hindu Duties
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Each Hindu has 4 daily duties:
Revere the deities
Respect ancestors
Respect all beings
Honor all humankind
Sacred Writings
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The Vedas collections of Sanskrit
hymns (written down 1200-900BCE,
but based on older oral versions).
The Upanishads which means the
inner or mystic teaching that were
passed down from guru (teacher) to
disciple (student).
Mahabharata
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Mahabharata, Sanskrit for Great Story,
is one of the great epic poems of ancient
India.
It was written between 300 BC and AD.
300.
The story is about the battle of one family
over a kingdom in northern India.
The Bhagavad Gita (Song of God) is
contained in the Mahabharata. It is
dialogue between Krishna and the hero
Arjuna on the meaning of life.
Krishna and Arjuna
Ramayana
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Ramayana was written in 3rd century
BC, and tells story of Rama, and his wife,
Sita.
Rama and Sita are generally seen as
ideal examples of great manly heroism
and wifely devotion.
Reciting the Ramayana is considered a
religious act, and scenes from the epic
are portrayed throughout India and
Southeast Asia.
Rama and Sita