Transcript AoS food selection modelsx

Food Selection Models
Key Knowledge
Understanding food selection models as tools to
promote healthy eating during youth
Chapter 3.6
Food Selection Models
Why do we need them?
• Food selection models are tools that
help youth to select foods that will
meet their nutritional needs, without
consuming too many energy dense
foods.
• Decrease the likelihood of short and
long-term consequences caused by
nutritional imbalance
• Used as a visual to encourage society
to make positive food choices
Healthy Living Pyramid
Move More
• ‘Move more’ section of the pyramid encourages
physical activity to expend the energy gained from
food.
• Reduces the risk of obesity and related conditions
including cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
Eat Most
• “Eat most’ layer contains food of plant origin. These
foods should make up the majority of any meal.
•
These foods are nutrient dense and low in fat. They
assist in providing youth with optimal amounts of
carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals.
Healthy Living Pyramid
Eat Moderately
• Middle of the pyramid shows foods that
should make up a third or less of any
meal.
• Contains food mainly of animal origin,
including fish, lean meat, eggs, chicken,
milk, cheese and yoghurt.
• These foods provide protein, minerals
(particularly calcium and iron) and Bgroup vitamins.
Healthy Living Pyramid
Eat in Small Amounts
• Contains foods that should be present in only small
amounts in a meal.
• Often processed and high in sugar and/or fat.
These foods are energy dense and do not
contribute significant amounts of nutrients to the
diet.
• Can contribute to a range of conditions including
obesity and cardiovascular disease
Healthy Living Pyramid
Other things to know……
• Encourages individuals to drink water due to the fact that it
provides the best source of hydration for the body, without
adding extra sugar to the diet.
• Suggests that salt should not be added to food.
• Salt is a rich source of sodium, and although sodium is an
essential nutrient, many Australians consume excess amounts,
which can contribute to hypertension
Healthy Living Pyramid
Other things to know……
• The Healthy Eating Pyramid for
Lacto–ovo Vegetarians is similar to
the Healthy Living pyramid but
contains only meat-free foods.
• The major difference between these
two pyramids is in the ‘eat
moderately’ layer. This layer
contains dairy products and tofu in
the lacto–ovo vegetarian pyramid.
• Tofu contains relatively high levels
of protein and iron, and is a good
substitute for meat.
AGTHE
• The Australian Guide to Healthy Eating (AGTHE) is a food selection
model that reflects dietary patterns divided into portions from each of
the five food groups
1. Fruits
2. Vegetables
3. Grains
4. Lean Meats
5. Milk, yoghurt and cheese products
• A visual representation of the types of foods people should be eating to
maintain a healthy lifestyle
• 24 hour period
• The adequacy of each food group in a person’s diet
• Proportion of food groups that should be consumed
AGTHE
Refer to Text 3.6 for examples from each food group
Recommended number of serves per day
Males
Females
Age (years)
12–13
Vegetables and
legumes/beans
5½
Fruit
2
Grain (cereal)
foods per day,
mostly
wholegrain
and/or high
cereal fibre
varieties
6
Lean meats,
poultry, fish,
eggs, tofu, nuts
and seeds, and
legumes/beans
2½
Milk, yoghurt,
cheese and/or
alternatives
mostly reduced
fat
3½
14–18
5½
2
7
2½
3½
12–13
5
2
5
2½
3½
14–18
5
2
7
2½
3½
Pregnant (up to
18 years)
5
2
8
3½
3½
Breastfeeding
(up to 18 years)
5½
2
9
2½
4
AGTHE
Discretionary foods are food and drinks not necessary to provide the
nutrients the body needs, but which add variety.
• High in saturated fats, sugars, salt and/or alcohol, and are therefore
described as energy dense.
•
The Australian Guide to Healthy Eating and the Australian Dietary
Guidelines encourage youth to consume these foods only sometimes,
and in small amounts
• Fats play an important part in many processes such as the development
of cell membranes, fuel for energy production and regulation of
cholesterol.
• Unsaturated fats are the healthiest options and should be included in the
food intake of youth. The Australian Dietary Guidelines recommend the
following amounts of unsaturated fats for youth.
AGTHE
1. Achieving and maintaining a healthy weight
2. Enjoy a wide variety of nutritious foods
3. Limit the intake of saturated fat
4. Encourages breast feeding
5. Care for their food: prepare and store safely