Transcript Introduction To Programming Information Technology , 1’st

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION & HIGHER EDUCATION
COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
KHANYOUNIS- PALESTINE
Using Java
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What is computer?
Computer Organization
Programming languages
Java Class Libraries
Typical Java development environment
Case Study: Unified Modeling Language
Emank X Mezank
Presented & Prepared by: Mahmoud R. Alfarra
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A computer is a device capable of performing
computations and making logical decisions at
speeds millions (even billions) of times faster
than human beings can.
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Computers process data under the control of
sets of instructions called computer
programs.
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A computer consists of various devices
referred to as hardware. e.g.:
 The keyboard.
 Screen.
 Mouse.
 Disks …
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The programs that run on a computer are
referred to as software.
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computer may be envisioned as divided into
six logical units :
1. Input unit. This is the "receiving" section of the
computer. It obtains information from input
devices and places this information at the
disposal of the other units so that it can be
processed.
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2. Output unit. This is the "shipping" section of the
computer. It takes information that the
computer has processed and places it on various
output devices to make the information
available for use outside the computer.
3. Memory unit. This is the rapid-access, relatively
low-capacity "warehouse" section of the
computer.
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4. Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU): This is the
"manufacturing" section of the computer. It is
responsible for performing
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Calculations
The decision mechanisms
5. Central processing unit (CPU): This is the
"administrative" section of the computer. It
coordinates and supervises the operation of the
other sections.
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6. Secondary storage unit. This is the long-term,
high-capacity "warehousing" section of the
computer.
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Programming languages may be divided into
three general types:
1. Machine languages
2. Assembly languages
3. High-level languages
HW 2.1
In two pages, write what is algorithm, why and how
do they represented ?
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Any computer can directly understand only
its own machine language.
It is defined by the computer hardware
design.
Machine languages are machine dependent
(i.e., a particular machine language can be
used on only one type of computer).
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Machine languages generally consist of
strings of numbers (0,1).
So, It was simply:
 Too slow
 Tedious for most programmers
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Programmers began using English-like
abbreviations to represent elementary
operations.
These abbreviations formed the basis of
assembly languages.
Presented & Prepared by: Mahmoud R. Alfarra
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Translator programs called assemblers were
developed to convert early assemblylanguage programs to machine language at
computer speeds.
Assembly
instructions
Assemblers
Machine
instructions
Assemblers
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To speed the programming process, high-level
languages were developed in which single
statements could be written to accomplish
substantial tasks.
 Translator programs called compilers convert highlevel language programs into machine language.
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high-level
languages
Compilers
Machine
instructions
Compilers
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Java programs consist of pieces called
classes.
Classes include pieces called methods that
perform tasks and return information when
they complete them.
Class
methods
Instructions
Java
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The collections of existing classes in the Java
class libraries, are also known as the Java
APIs (Application Programming Interfaces).
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HW3.1
UML: a graphical language that allows people
who design software systems to use an
industry standard notation to represent
them.
Study the case study from the text book of the
course, section 1.16
Presented & Prepared by: Mahmoud R. Alfarra
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Solve the following practice…
HW3.2
Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements:
1.
2.
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10.
The logical unit of the computer that receives information from outside the
computer for use by the computer is the __________.
The process of instructing the computer to solve a problems is called
________.
__________ is a type of computer language that uses English-like
abbreviations for machine-language instructions.
__________ is a logical unit of the computer that sends information which has
already been processed by the computer to various devices so that it may be
used outside the computer.
__________ and __________ are logical units of the computer that retain
information.
__________ is a logical unit of the computer that performs calculations.
__________ is a logical unit of the computer that makes logical decisions.
__________ languages are most convenient to the programmer for writing
programs quickly and easily.
The only language that a computer can directly understand is that computer's
__________.
__________ is a logical unit of the computer that coordinates the activities of
all the other logical units.
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‫َي ِىلا ِ ُ َع َى ْيي ِ‪،‬‬
‫يي‬
‫يلِ ِ ِ َ‬
‫َع ْْي ُ‪،‬ع َعينْ َر ُ‬
‫َعنْ أَ ِبي أ ُ َما َم َة َرضِ َ‬
‫س ِ‬
‫َِ لش م‬
‫ياعا‬
‫س َ‬
‫اِ شِ َي ْر َفي ُُ ل ْش ََ َىي َم سِ ي ِ َ‬
‫َياِ َ‬
‫س ِى َمع َقياِ َ ‪( :‬إِنِ َ‬
‫َل َ‬
‫ِّي َم ِ‬
‫لسي َت ْغ َف َر َِ‬
‫ئ أَ ِل ل ْش ُمسِ ِ‬
‫يءع َفإِنْ َْ ِد َم َل ْ‬
‫َع ِن ل ْش َع ْب ِد ل ْش ُم ْسى ِِم ل ْش ُم ْخطِ ِ‬
‫حسنـه األلباني‬
‫ِم ْْ َها أَ ْش ََاهَاع َلإِال ُك ِت َب ْ َللِِدَ ة)‬
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‫‪Presented & Prepared by: Mahmoud R. Alfarra‬‬
Main concepts of
Programming
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