Transcript World History Ch 10 Student Notes

Pgs. 182-195 in Text
Lesson 2:
Nationalism & Political
Revolutions
The Revolutions of the 1830s

European powers trying to maintain
____________________ in Europe

By 1830 – _____________________ and
___________________ challenge
conservative Europe
France

1830 – _______________ Monarch
________________ was overthrown by
liberals.

Established a _________________ monarchy
under __________________________
(Charles X’s cousin)
 Political support gained from the
___________________ class
1830 – Three more Revolutions

_______________ became independent

_______________ – unsuccessful attempt to
become independent

____________ - unsuccessful attempt to
become independent
*** _________________ led all 3 revolutions***
The Revolutions of 1848

Another French Revolution…
 1846 – severe _______________ problems that
effected middle class, workers, & peasants
 Middle class wanted right to ______________
○ Louis-Philippe refused
 ________________________ overthrown in 1848
○ Set up provisional government
 ___________________________ wanted a republic
The French Provisional Government

Called for election of representatives to a
_____________________ for a new constitution

Set up national _____________ for unemployed
 Workers flooded the workshops which drained the
______________________________
 Workers refused to allow workshops to ________

Working class revolt lasted ______ days –
crushed by ______________________ forces
New French Constitution - 1848

Ratified on ______________________, 1848
 Set up the ___________________________
○ ______________ legislature elected by
______________________ male suffrage
○ President serve for _______ years

1848 Presidential Election –
 Charles _____________________ Bonaparte (Louis –
Napoleon) elected President
 Napoleon's _____________________
Revolt in the German States

1848 _______________________ spread

May 1848 an _________________ parliament,
the ___________________, was held to create a
unified Germany.
 Proposed a constitution
○ Create a _____________________
○ ___________________________ Gov’t
○ _______________ emperor/ limited ________________
○ Direct ______________ of deputies to parliament

Assembly Fails. German unification Fails.
Revolutions in Central Europe

Austrian Empire a _______________ empire held
together by German ______________ Dynasty
 1/4 of the empire is ___________________

March 1848 – demonstrations start
 Dismissed _____________________ to calm protests
 Revolutionaries take over ____________ and demand a
_____________________ constitution

June 1848 – ______________ military crush
_________________ rebels in Prague

Revolutions in Austrian Empire Fail
Revolts in Italian States

Congress of _______________ set up _______
Italian States controlled by ____________ powers

1848 – Revolt against Austrians in ____________
& _____________________.

1849 – _______________ re-establish order.

Italian revolts fail****
The Failures of 1848
 Why
so many failures?
 Revolutionaries split between
moderate and ________________
viewpoints
 Division among _________________
Lesson 3:
Nationalism,
Unification, and Reform
Cause of the Crimean War

1853 – Russia invades the ________________
 __________________ declare war on Russia

1854 – __________________ and
_______________ declare war on Russia
*** Became known as the ______________ War
Crimean War

Poorly ___________ and _____________ war

Heavy _______________ led _____________
to seek peace

March ___________ – Treaty of ___________  Russia agrees to allow _________________ and
________________ of the Balkans to be placed
under control of all __________________ powers.
Effects of the Crimean War

Destroyed the Concert of Europe
AKA the Congress of ____________________
 ______________ and Russia now are ___________
 Russia retreats to __________________________
 Created situation for unification of ___________ and
_____________________
Breakdown of the Concert of Europe

_______________ War takes place between Russia
& _____________________Empire.

Ottoman Empire had controlled ______________
but had been in decline.

Russia became interested in the Balkans.
 This area would give them access to _________________
○ If the Russians had control over this area they could challenge
_____________________________ power

Nations begin to feel pressured by
________________ expansion.
Italian Unification

1850 – _______________ still dominant power in
Italian Peninsula

Looked to the Kingdom of _____________, led by
King ______________________ for leadership in
unification

1852 – King Victor Emmanuel II named
_______________________ the Prime Minister
 Cavour – policy of economic growth and large _______
 Allied with __________________________ of France
1859 – Austrians declare war

Peace settlement –
 Gave _____________ & ______________ to France
 Austrian controlled ___________________ was given
to __________________________

_______________ success led other Italian
states to join ___________________________
Southern Italy

__________________________ raises an army
 Took over __________________
○ The entire kingdom of the Two Sicilies fell by Sept.1860
○ Garibaldi turned territory over to King Victor Emmanuel II

March ____, 1861 – New state of Italy proclaimed
 Austrians still control _____________________
 Pope still controls __________________

Gained Venetia and Rome as a result of the
_____________________ war in 1870.
German Unification

___________________ Assembly had failed to
unify Germany in 1848

Germans looked to ____________________ for
leadership in German unification

Prussia was a strong, ________________ power

In 1860s King _________________ appointed a
new prime minister: Count __________________

Bismarck practiced ___________________
 “politics of ___________________”

Bismarck strengthened the Prussian _________
 w/o the approval of the Prussian ________________
 This led to an active ________________ ___________
that led to conflict

Prussia organized the _______________ German
states into the North German ________________

______________ German states eventually
accepted ___________ ____________ with
Prussia in exchange for ___________________
against ______________________.

**This dominance worried France**

1870 – _______________ and _______________
get in a dispute over the next leader of ________.
 This led to a declaration of _______________

July 19, 1870 – _______________ declares war
on ________________
 starts the ___________________________ War.
Franco-Prussian War

September 2, 1870 – entire French army and
________________ captured at _____________

January 28, 1871 – ______________ surrenders

May 1871 – Peace treaty signed
 France pays _______________ francs ($1 billion)
 France gives up _________________ & ___________

Southern German states decide to enter the
Northern German Confederation
Germany

January 18, 1871 – _____________ & German
____________ enter Hall of ___________ at the
Palace of ______________________

_________ of Prussia is proclaimed __________
of the ____________ German Empire
 the 1st was the medieval _________________ Empire

** German unity is achieved!
 Becomes one of the strongest powers in Europe
Nationalism & Reform in Europe

Great Britain:
 Had ________ revolutions in the first half of the 1800s
 1832 – Parliament passed a bill to ____________ the
number of __________ voters
○ Mostly part of industrial _____________ class
○ this helped avoid revolutions
 GB’s continuing stability b/c of _____________ growth
connected to ___________________________
 Queen ____________ reigned from 1837-1901: 64 yrs.
○ was the ______________ in English history until 2017
○ Queen Elizabeth II – 1952 to present = 65 years

France:
 After 1848 – monarchy ______________________
 December 2, 1852 – Louis-Napoleon, w/ ______%
approval vote, took the tile Emperor ______________.
○ This marks the beginning of the _______ Empire in France
 Napoleon III an ______________________ ruler
○ Controlled _______________, police, _________ service
○ Introduced ____________________________
○ Declared _______________________
○ _______________________ civil liberties
 Napoleon III expanded the ______________, built up
______________________, and rebuilt ___________
The Austrian Empire

__________________________ Empire

_________________ Dynasty have complete control
over the empire after 1848 revolutions

1866 – Austrians defeated by ______________ – this
led to concessions for _______________________

__________________ of 1867 – created __________
monarchy of ___________________________
 Separate ______________________ & legislature
 Single ______________ – __________________ emperor
of Austria & King of Hungary
Russia

1856 – Russians defeated in Crimean War.

Czar _______________ decides to reform Russia

March 3, 1861–_____________ Edict–freed serfs
 Gov’t provided ____________ for peasants by buying it
from _____________________
 _________________ land went to peasants
 Led to __________________ peasantry

1881 – Alexander II _______________________
 His son _____________________ becomes Czar
○ Anti-reform
○ _____________________ monarch
Nationalism in the United States

2 Factions:
 _________________ – for federal strong government
 _________________ – for strong state government

________________ movement forms in the U.S.

American _____________ War (1861-1865)
 _________________ (south) surrenders April 9, 1865

Result: U.S. remains _________________
Lesson 4:
Nation Building in
Latin America
Nationalist Revolts

________________ Revolution ideals spread to
creole class in ________________ America

______________ started to denounce
______________________
 they felt they represented Spanish/Portuguese
monarchy

__________________ wars had weakened Spain
& Portugal
 Led to revolts in Latin America between 1807-1825
Revolt in Haiti –AKA– Saint Domingue

Saint Domingue – _____________ Sugar colony

Revolt led by ____________ Dominique
___________- Louverture

January 1, ____ – Haiti became _____________
independent state in Latin America
Revolt in Mexico

Motivated by __________________ ideals,
creoles finally revolted against ____________
rule when ________________ made his
brother (who was not Spanish) King of Spain.
Revolts in South America

__________________ used surprise tactics to
defeat the Spanish in ____________.

Jose de ______________ with the help of
Bernardo _________________, drove the
Spanish out of ____________________.

The two leaders then met in _____________ and
San Martin left his army for Bolivar to command
 this unified revolutionary force

Under Bolivar, won independence for __________
What role did Indians, Mestizos, and
Creoles play in Mexico’s
independence from Spain?

Indians and Mestizos _________ the revolution

Later, Creoles fearing for the loss of
_____________ under a new ____________
regime in Spain supported independence.
Nation Building

New Latin American nations faced many
_________________ between 1830-1870

Many new nations had no __________________
in __________________

Strong leaders called __________ came to power

Example: Mexican General ________________
de Santa Anna
 Misused state funds, halted reform, created _________
Imperialism & Economic Dependence

Now instead of Spain & Portugal dominating the
Latin American economy it became
______________________

Latin America served more developed countries
with _____________________________

Latin American counties remained ___________
on _______________ nations even though they
were no longer officially __________________.