Transcript Napoleon I - southsidehistory

Napoleon Bonaparte
2. Battle of the Nile and Horatio Lord Nelson
3. Brumaire Coup
4. French Consulate, 1799-1804
5. Napoleonic Code (Code Civil)
6. Bank of France, 1800
7. Concordat of 1801
8. Lyceum System in France
9. War of the Second Coalition, 1798-1801
10. Peace of Amiens (1802)
11. Toussaint L’Ouverture and the Haitian Slave Revolt
12. Treaty of Tilsit
1.
 Using your textbook, the internet, and any other resources
available in the classroom, identify the items you have been
assigned. Do the following:
1.
2.
3.
Generate a list of at least fifteen facts associated with the
items you are identifying. Include dates, names, places,
etc. Write them down on a piece of paper.
Write a paragraph of at least 10-12 sentences identifying
and indicating the significance of the person, event, or
institution. Write in complete sentences using proper
grammar.
Be able to communicate what you know about the item(s)
with the rest of the class.
Napoleonic Europe
Napoleon’s Early Life and Career
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b. 1769 in Corsica, military education, rose quickly
through the ranks during the revolution, sympathies
with the Jacobin
Military campaigns in Italy and Egypt, association with
the Directory, and the Coup of 18 Brumaire (coup d'état)
Consulate Period (1799-1804)
Reforms:
1.
Napoleonic Code
2. Established an efficient bureaucracy
3. Concordat of 1801
4. Bank of France (1800)
5. Educational Reform
6. Napoleon’s police state and the drawbacks of his reforms
III. Napoleonic Wars during the Consulate Period,
1799-1804
War of the Second Coalition (1798-1801)
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Treaty of Amiens (1802)
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Conflict Between Britain and France in Egypt
Destruction of the French Navy at the Battle of the Nile
Britain, Russia, Austria, Ottoman Empire
Treaty of Luneville (1801)
Britain and France
provisions of the treaty
Haitian Slave Revolt (1791-1804)
IV. Napoleon as Emperor- The Imperial Period (1804-1814)
The French Empire
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dependent states and allied states
War of the Third Coalition (1805-1807)
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Battle of Trafalgar (October 1805)
Battle of Austerlitz (December 1805)
Arc de Triomphe
Treaty of Tilsit (June 1807)
Reorganization of the Germanies (1806)
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Confederation of the Rhine
German nationalism
Continental System
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Britain vs. Napoleonic France
Berlin Decree (1806), “order in council,” Milan Decree (1807)
War of 1812 (U.S. and Britain)
Reasons for the Continental System’s failure
Peninsular War (1808-1814)
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Portugal and Britain
Spanish revolt
Russia?
Russian Campaign (1812-1813)
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Napoleon’s Grand Army
Battle of Borodino (September 1812)
scorched-earth tactics and guerilla warfare
Moscow’s fate?
The Grand Army and the Russian Winter
War of the Fourth Coalition (1813-1814)
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Battle of Leipzig
Frankfurt Proposals
Quadruple Alliance
King Louis XVIII of France, Charter of 1814, and the
Treaty of Paris (1814), Napoleon’s exile to Elba
The Dissolution of Napoleon’s Empire and Conservative
Reaction
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Congress of Vienna (September 1814-June 1815)
Hundred Days (March 20-June 22, 1815)
Concert of Europe (1815-1848)
The “Holy Alliance”
Corsica
Napoleon Bonaparte
Napoleon’s Military Campaigns in Italy
The French Revolution and Napoleon in Egypt, 1798
Rosetta Stone
Coup of 18 Brumaire (Coup against the Directory), 1799
France’s Consulate, 1799-1804
Europe in 1800
1. Napoleonic Code (Code Napoleon)
• Personal status.
• Property.
• The acquisition of
It divided
civil law into: property.
Its purpose was to reform the French legal code to
reflect the principles of the French Revolution.
It created one law code for France.
The Influence of the Napoleonic Code
Wherever it was implemented [in the conquered territories], the Code Napoleon
swept away feudal property relations.
2. Napoleon’s Efficient Bureaucracy
“Careers Open to Talent”
3. Concordat of 1801
Pope Pious VII
1. Catholicism was declared the religion of the majority of French citizens.
2. Papal acceptance of church lands lost
during the Revolution.
3. Bishops were required to swear loyalty to the French state and were also
paid by the state. The Church invested them with their spiritual authority
4. Bank of France, 1800
5. Educational Reform (Lyceum System)
Established by Napoleon in 1801 as an educational reform.
Lycées initially enrolled the nation’s most talented students [they had to pay tuition, although there was some
financial help available for poorer student].
Lycées trained the nation’s future bureaucrats.
6. Drawbacks of Napoleon’s Reforms
 Napoleon’s Creation of a Police State
 Drawbacks of Napoleon’s Reforms
 women?
 workers?
 republicanism or absolutism?
 nepotism?
Vice Admiral Horatio Lord Nelson
General Toussaint L’Ouverture
December 2, 1804 Napoleon crowned
himself Emperor of France.
Napoleon’s Empire in 1810
Napoleon’s Family Rules
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Jerome Bonaparte  King of Westphalia.
Joseph Bonaparte  King of Spain
Louise Bonaparte  King of Holland
Pauline Bonaparte  Princess of Italy
Napoléon Francis Joseph Charles (son) King of Rome
Elisa Bonaparte  Grand Duchess of Tuscany
Caroline Bonaparte  Queen of Naples
War of the Third Coalition (1805-1807)
Trafalgar, 1805: France 
Sea
Power
 Britain
Battle of Trafalgar
Emperor Napoleon of France and Tsar Alexander I of Russia
Bronze medal commemorating Napoleon’s Confederation of the Rhine
T he Continental System
The Continental System
GOAL  to isolate
Britain and promote
Napoleon’s mastery over
Europe.
“Order in Council”
(1806)
• Britain proclaimed any ship
stopping in Britain would be
seized when it entered the
Continent.
Berlin Decrees (1806)
• British ships were not allowed in
continental European ports.
Milan Decree (1807)
• Napoleon proclaimed any ship
stopping in Britain would be
seized when it entered the
Continent.
These edicts eventually
led to the United States
declaring war on Britain
 WAR OF 1812.
Why was Napoleon’s Continental System a failure?
British Cartoon
T he Peninsular War: 1808-1810
1806:
France 
Continental
System
 Spain and
Portugal
• Portugal did not comply with the Continental System.
• France wanted Spain’s support to invade Portugal.
• Spain refused, so Napoleon invaded Spain as well.
Napoleon tricked the Spanish king and prince
to come to France, where he imprisoned them.
He proclaimed his brother, Joseph, to be the
new king of Spain.
He stationed over 100,000 troops in Madrid.
On May 2, 1808 [Dos de Mayo] the Spanish
rose up in rebellion.
French troops fired on the crowd in Madrid
the next day [Tres de Mayo].
“The Third of May 1808” by Goya (1814)
“The Surrender of Madrid, 1808” by Goya
Marie Louise of Austria married
Napoleon on March 12, 1810 in
Vienna, Austria.
Marie Louise with Napoleon’s
son, Napoleon Francis Joseph
Charles (1811-1832)
“The Emperor Napoleon in
his Study at the Tuileries”
by Jacques-Louis David (1812)
September 14, 1812  Napoleon reached Moscow, but the city had largely been abandoned.
The Russians had set fire to the city.
Napoleon’s Defeat at Leipzig (October 16-19, 1813)
Napoleon’s Abdication
Allied forces occupied Paris on March 31, 1814.
Napoléon abdicated on April 6 in favor of his son, but the
Allies insisted on unconditional surrender.
Napoléon abdicated again on April 11.
Treaty of Fontainbleau  exiled Napoléon to Elba with an
annual income of 2,000,000 francs.
The royalists took control and restored
Louis XVIII to the throne.
King Louis XVIII of France
and the Charter of 1814
Napoleon exiled to the island of Elba
Napoleon’s Defeat at Waterloo
(June 18, 1815)
Duke of Wellington
Prussian
General Blucher
Napoleon on his way to his
final exile in St. Helena.
Napoleon’s residence in St. Helena
Napoleon’s Tomb
June 28, 1940