Transcript The student will describe European settlement in

UNIT 1: NEED TO KNOW
STANDARDS FOR US HISTORY
Students must master these standards
to perform well on unit exams, the
GHSGT in Social Studies and the EOCT.
SSUSH3 The student will explain the primary
causes of the American Revolution
9. Explain how the end of Anglo-French imperial competition as seen in the
French and Indian War and the 1763 Treaty of Paris laid the groundwork for the
American Revolution.
10. Explain colonial response to such British actions as the Proclamation of
1763, the Stamp Act, and the Intolerable Acts as seen in Sons and Daughters of
Liberty and Committees of Correspondence.
11. Explain the importance of Thomas Paine’s Common Sense to the movement
for independence
Over what and between whom was the French and Indian
War fought?
The war was between the British and the American colonists
against the French and their Native American allies.
The British believed the French caused the French and Indian war
by building forts along the Ohio River valley. The French did this to
stop the westward spread of the British colonies. The British sent
Colonel George Washington with a small colonial militia to fight
the French at Fort Duquesne (modern day Pittsburg). After a small
initial victory, Washington’s troops had to surrender to the
stronger more organized French and their Iroquois allies.
Who won the French and Indian War?
By 1758 the British were able to win
several battles. The French at Quebec and
Montreal surrendered. Both the French
and the British decided the war was too
costly to continue and called for a peaceful
settlement.
What was the treaty that ended the French and
Indian War?
The Treaty of Paris 1763
What were the terms of the Treaty of Paris 1763?
By the Peace of Paris 1763 the French left North America and
gave the British unchallenged control of North America.
How did the relationship between the British and
the American colonists change because of the
French and Indian War?
The British had a low opinion of the colonists military
abilities, they thought that the colonists were not
contributing their share of men and money for military
protection and unwilling to protect the interests of the
British empire. The colonists were proud of their military
efforts and not impressed with the British efforts.
The British decided to keep military troops in the colonies
and force the colonists to pay for them and give them
shelter and food. This established a more hostile
relationship between the two.
What was the Proclamation of 1763 and how did the
American colonists feel about it?
The Proclamation of 1763 was issued by the British to try and
avoid continuing confrontations with the Native Americans. It
forbade the colonists from settling west of the Appalachian
Mountains. A “line” was established that the colonists were not
supposed to cross – The Proclamation Line of 1763. But of course
this was difficult to enforce and the colonists continued to move
westward.
What was the Stamp Act?
British legislation passed in 1765 that required the American
colonists to purchase special stamped paper for almost everything
that had to be written – licenses, newspapers, legal documents,
pamphlets, even playing cards. This taxed virtually every colonist.
How did the colonists react to the Stamp Act?
The colonists reacted with fury and indignation. They called for a
Stamp Act Congress in New York in 1765 where they declared that
only their own elected colonial representatives had the legal
authority to approve taxes. The Sons and Daughters of Liberty, a
secret society organized to intimidate tax agents and many times
tarred and feathered revenue officials and destroyed revenue
stamps. Colonial Committees of Correspondence formed to
exchange information between the colonies about protests and
boycotts of British goods in an attempt to organize colonial
resistance to the British.
What did the Sons of Liberty do in protest against the Tea Act
which allowed British tea sellers to sell tea without paying taxes,
but did not give the American tea sellers the same right?
They were responsible for the Boston Tea Party, where Sons
of Liberty dressed as Indians, boarded British ships in the
Boston harbor and dumped 342 chests of tea into the harbor.
What did the British do to punish the American colonists for
the Boston Tea Party?
In 1774, in response to the Boston Tea Party, the British
introduced the Coercive Acts. These acts were called the
Intolerable Acts by the colonists and included the closing of the
Boston Harbor and an expansion of the Quartering Act that made
colonists for responsible for housing British soldiers in their
homes.
Explain the importance of Thomas Paine’s pamphlet
Common Sense.
In January 1776, Englishman Thomas Paine who had recently
immigrated to the colonies, published a pamphlet that had
profound impact on public opinion in the colonies. Up until this
point, independence had been considered a radical idea. Entitled
Common Sense, Paine argued in his pamphlet that the colonies
should become independent and break all ties with the British
monarchy. Paine said a small island should not rule a large
continent and that people should not pledge their support to a
corrupt king whose laws were unreasonable.
50,000 copies of this pamphlet were printed and distributed and
the idea of independence gained greater support across the
colonies.