Database amd SQL
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Transcript Database amd SQL
CSC 2720
Building Web Applications
Database and SQL
Database and DBMS
Database – Structured collection of records or data
Database Management System (DBMS) –
Specialized software for managing databases
Relational Database – A type of database in which
data are organized as related tables
Most widely used type of databases
Advantages of using DBMS
Efficient Data Access
Support multiple users and Data Security
Protect access to data in which only authorized users
can access the data
Concurrent Access
Support mechanisms to allow multiple users to safely
read/write the data. (e.g., record locking)
Transaction
Crash Recovery
Advantages of using DBMS
Web App
Web App
(Java Servlet)
SQL
SQL
(PHP)
DBMS
SQL
Stand alone App
SQL
SQL
(Java / C++ / C )
Web App
(ASP.NET)
Database
Management Tools
Standardized query language for defining and
manipulating data
Network accessible
Introduction to Relational Database
Data are stored in tables (a.k.a. relations).
Column / Field / Attribute
Row /
Record
ItemID
Name
Price
Quantity
0123456
Coffee
4.50
100
0222222
Soy Milk
4.40
50
0142562
Tea
5.00
40
A table has a name.
A field has a name and a type.
Besides some standard types, different DBMS (e.g.,
Oracle and MySQL) may also have their own specific
types.
Characteristics of a Table
A field is said to contain a null value when it contains
nothing at all.
When defining a table, we can set whether a field can contain a null
value or not.
Keys are special fields that serve a specific purpose within
a table.
A Primary key is a field (or combination of fields) that uniquely
identifies a record within a table.
A Foreign key is the field that is used to establish a relationship
between a pair of tables.A foreign key has to be a primary key of
another table.
Row orders are not important.
Structured Query Language (SQL)
A standardized language that can be used to build,
modify, maintain and manipulate a database
SQL supported by different DBMS may vary slightly.
With SQL, you can
Create/delete a database
Create/delete tables in a database
Retrieve data from a database
Insert new records in a database
Delete records from a database
Update records in a database
SQL (con't)
SQL is case insensitive
Multiple statements are separated by semicolon
Important commands for manipulating data
SELECT - extracts data from a database table
UPDATE - updates data in a database table
DELETE - deletes data from a database table
INSERT INTO - inserts new data into a database table
Important commands for manipulating table
CREATE TABLE - creates a new database table
ALTER TABLE - alters (changes) a database table
DROP TABLE - deletes a database table
Examples: SQL Tutorial at W3Schools
http://www.w3schools.com/sql/default.asp