Transcript Events That Shaped the Revolutionary Movement

The Revolutionary War
Events That Shaped the
Revolutionary Movement
• The French and Indian War (1754-1763)
– Fought over control of America
– Cost England a lot of money
– Called French and Indian War because Native
Americans helped the French
– England Won
Events That Shaped the
Revolutionary Movement
• British Imperial Policy (1763 – 1781)
– England felt like it was losing control over the
colonies.
– These policies were created to keep the
English Empire under control.
Events That Shaped the
Revolutionary Movement
• The Stamp Act of 1765
– Required colonists to buy government stamps
for almost every paper document.
– Colonist felt these taxes were unfair because
they had no say.
– “No taxation without representation!”
Events That Shaped the
Revolutionary Movement
• Sons of Liberty 1765
– Secret organization formed in Boston to protest
Stamp Act
• Sons of Liberty and Colonist Protested the
Stamp Act by:
–
–
–
–
–
Writing letters to Parliament
Holding public meetings
Signing petitions
Boycotting or refusing to buy British goods.
Holding violent and Peaceful protest
• Stamp Act was repealed in 1766
Events That Shaped the
Revolutionary Movement
• Tea Tax 1773
– Tax on tea
• Boston Tea Party (December 1773)
– Sons of Liberty disguised as Indians boarded
a ship carrying tea and dumped 342 chests of
tea into the Boston Harbor
– Helped unite colonies against England
Review
• What were the main events that shaped
the revolutionary war?
– The French and Indian War (1754-1763)
– The Stamp Act of 1765
– Sons of Liberty 1765
– Tea Tax 1773
– Boston Tea Party (December 1773)
Review
• How did the results of the French and
Indian War contribute to the revolutionary
movement in America?
– It cost English tax payers a lot of money.
– England imposed taxes on colonists to help
pay for the war.
– Colonist thought these taxes were unfair.
Review
• Why did the colonists believe British
taxation policies in North America were
unfair?
– “No taxation without representation!”
Review
• How did the colonists and the Sons of
Liberty protest British Imperial Policies in
North America?
– Wrote letters to Parliament
– Held public meetings and signed petitions.
– Boycotted or refused to buy British goods.
– Held violent and peaceful protest
• Boston Tea Party
War for control of
America
England Won
Cost England a lot
of money
Sons of
Boston Tea
Liberty
Party
disguised as
Dec 1773
Indians
boarded a
ship carrying
tea and
dumped 342
chests of tea
into Boston
Harbor.
This act of
rebellion
Tea Tax
encouraged
1773
others to join
the battle
against
England
The French
and Indian
War
1754-1763
France vs.
England
Stamp Act of
1765
Events That
Shaped the
Revolutionar
y Movement
“No taxation
without
representation!
”
Sons of
Liberty
1765
Secret
organization that
protested the
Stamp Act
Required
colonists to
buy a
government
stamps for
almost every
paper
document.
Because of
the protest
of the Sons
of Liberty
the Stamp
Act was
gotten rid of
in 1766.
This united
the colonies
against
England
The Declaration of Independence
The Declaration of Independence
• First Continental Congress 1774
– Delegates from all the colonies except GA.
– Discussed problems colonist were having with
England
• Second Continental Congress 1775
– Discussed breaking away from England
– Decided to write a document declaring their
independence (The Declaration of Independence)
• Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration
– Adopted on July 4, 1776
The Declaration of Independence
• The Declaration was written to respond to
tyranny and the abuse of power by King
George III.
– Colonists felt they were denied freedom
– Colonists wanted to rule themselves
– They wanted to France on their side.
The Declaration of Independence
• The Declaration was written in three parts:
– Part I: Why the Declaration was needed
– Part II: Beliefs about government
– Part III: Complaints about English rule
– Part IV: Declared Independence from Great
Britain
• http://classroom.monticello.org/kids/resour
ces/download/29/Audio-of-the-Declarationof-Independence-mp3/
Review
• What was the purpose of writing the
Declaration of Independence?
– To respond to tyranny and the abuse of power
by King George III.
– To declare their independence from England
Review
• Who wrote the Declaration of
Independence and how was it written?
– Thomas Jefferson
– It was written in four parts:
•
•
•
•
Part I: Why the Declaration was needed
Part II: Beliefs about government
Part III: Complaints about English rule
Part IV: Declared Independence from England
Review
• How was the Declaration of Independence
a response to tyranny and the abuse of
power?
– It showed that colonists felt they were denied
freedom.
– It showed that colonists wanted to rule
themselves.
Respond to tyranny and abuse of
power by King George III
They felt they were denied
freedom
Colonist wanted to rule
themselves
They wanted to get France on
their side.
Why did they
write the
Declaration?
A committee of 5 people were
formed to put it together
Thomas Jefferson wrote the
Declaration
Wrote for 17 days
Wanted it to be just right
Adopted on July 4, 1776
First
Continental
Congress
1774
Philadelphia
The
Declaration
of
Independenc
e
Who wrote
the
Declaration?
Purpose of
meeting was to
discuss problems
colonist were
having with
England
Second
Continental
Congress
1775
Discussed breaking away
from England and becoming
an independent nation.
Decided to write the
Declaration of
Independence
Key Individuals
King George III
King of England
during the
Revolution
Tyrant
Abused Power
Key Individuals
George Washington
Commander in
Chief of the
Continental Army
1st President of USA
Key Individuals
John Adams
Leader of the
Sons of Liberty
Declaration
Committee
member
2nd President of
the USA
Key Individuals
Benjamin Franklin
Talked to France
into helping the
colonies
Declaration
committee
member
Inventor and
Scientist
Key Individuals
Patrick Henry
Patriot Leader
“I know not what
course others
may take, but as
for me give me
liberty, or give me
death!”
Key Individuals
Thomas Jefferson
Author of the
Declaration of
Independence
3rd president of
the USA
Key Individuals
Benedict Arnold
Former Continental
Army officer who
turned against the
Americans and
joined the British
Army
“Traitor!!!”
Review
• Who were the key individuals in the
American Revolution?
– King George III
– George Washington
– John Adams
– Benjamin Franklin
– Patrick Henry
– Thomas Jefferson
– Benedict Arnold
King George III
Benedict
Arnold
Former
King of England
during Revolution
Tyrant
Abused Power
Continental Army
officer who turned
against the
Americans and
joined the British
Army
“Traitor!”
Thomas
Jefferson
Author of the
Declaration of
Independence
3rd president of
the USA
George
Washington
Commander in
chief of the
Continental Army
1st president of
USA
Key
Individuals
during the
American
Revolution
Patrick Henry
Patriot Leader
“I know not what
course others may
take, but a as for
me give me liberty,
or give me death!”
John Adams
Declaration
Committee member
Leader of the
Sons of Liberty
2nd President of
USA
Benjamin
Franklin
talked France into
helping colonies
Declaration
committee member
Inventor / Scientist
Major Events of the Revolutionary
War
• Fighting at Lexington and Concord (April 19,
1775)
– British troops were sent to Lexington and Concord to
find a storehouse of weapons.
– Minute men Knew the British (Red Coats) were
coming and were ready.
– The colonists had moved the weapons.
– Shots were fired “The shots heard around the world!”
– Eight Patriots died
– The British Marched back to Boston and were
attacked by Minutemen hiding along the road.
– This marked the beginning of the American
Revolution.
Major Events of the Revolutionary
War
• George Washington was named the
Commander in Chief of the American
Continental Army
• The challenges Washington faced were
huge.
Patriots
Red Coats / British
Made up of
Professional
soldiers
Made up of
volunteers
Under trained
Unmanned
Few supplies
No proper
uniforms
Many were
English
Highly Trained
Many Soldiers
Plenty of
supplies
Proper
Uniforms
Major Events of the Revolutionary
War
• Battle of Saratoga (1777)
– Turning point of War!
– Americans defeat British
– France joins forces with America
Major Events of the Revolutionary
War
• Battle of Yorktown (1781)
– British surrendered and America won its
independence
– England’s Lord Cornwallis surrendered to
General George Washington.
– American won its independence!
Review
• What were the major events and battles of
the Revolutionary War?
– Lexington and Concord (April 19,1775)
– George Washington named Commander in
Chief.
– Battle of Saratoga (1777)
– Battle of Yorktown (1781)
Review
• What is the significance of the Battle of
Lexington and Concord?
– It marked the beginning of the American
Revolution.
Review
• Why was the Battle of Saratoga called
“The turning point,” of the American
Revolution?
– France saw that was possible Americans
could win so they decided to join the
Americans.
Review
• Why was the Battle of Yorktown the final
battle of the American Revolution?
– The British surrendered
Fighting at
Lexington and
Concord
April 19, 1775
The War
Begins!
Battle of
Yorktown
1781
British
surrendered and
America won its
independence!
Major Events
of the
Revolutionar
y War
Battle of
Saratoga
1777
Turning Point of
War!
Americans defeat
British
France joins forces
with Americans
George
Washington
named
Commander in
Chief of the
American
Continental
Army
ROLE PLAY
U.S. Constitutional Convention
During break choose your character for play,
sit with your fellow characters after break.
(See cards)
Read your part, with your groups
answer the questions…
Questions:
1) Should slavery, as well as the entire slave
trade be abolished, and should escaped
slaves be returned to their owners?
2) Who should be allowed to vote in the new
nation, and especially, what role should
gender, race, and property ownership play
in such a decision?
After answering the questions
together….
• Look for allies…send people to other
groups to see if you can become allies
• Consider rebuttal arguments
• Prepare for convention….
Questions
1) Should slavery, as well as the entire
slave trade be abolished, and should
escaped slaves be returned to their
owners?
2) Who should be allowed to vote in the new
nation, and especially, what role should
gender, race, and property ownership
play in such a decision?
Connections to today….
• http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/26315908/v
p/41321791#41321791