Transcript napoleon`s empire collapses

Napoleon’s Empire
Collapses
Chapter 7
Section 4
Main Ideas
 Napoleon’s conquests
aroused nationalistic
feelings across Europe
and contributed to his
downfall.
 In the 1990s,
nationalistic feelings
contributed to the
breakup of nations such
as Yugoslavia.
Introduction
 After setting up a large
empire, Napoleon wondered
what would happen after he
died.
 He had the same issue as
Henry VIII.
 Divorced, and remarried
Marie Louise (Austria).
 In 1811, she gave birth to
Napoleon II.
Three Truths and a Lie
 Napoleon was 5’ 2”.
 Napoleon’s body was buried first in St. Helena, then
Paris. He was not cremated like he wanted.
 In exile, Napoleon’s wallpaper may have led to his
death.
 Napoleon crowned himself emperor.
 Actually Napoleon was 5’ 6 1/2” by today’s standards.
Back then the French foot was bigger than today’s foot.
Napoleons’ Three
Mistakes
 Napoleon’s desire for power
led him to great heights, but
it also led to his demise.
 The Continental System
 The Peninsular War
 The Invasion of Russia
The Continental System
 Supposed to make
continental Europe selfsufficient.
 Napoleon also wanted to
destroy Britain’s
economy.
 Set up an unsuccessful
blockade.
 Britain returns the favor,
successfully.
The Peninsular War
 Napoleon sent an invasion
force through Spain to get
Portugal to accept the
Continental System.
 The Spanish were upset.
 Napoleon removed the Spanish
king and gave the throne to his
brother.
 This inflamed Spain’s
nationalistic feelings.
 Spanish guerillas, peasant
fighters, fought French armies
for six years.
The Invasion of Russia
 Russia refused to stop selling
grain to Britain.
 Napoleon decides to invade his
ally, Russia.
 As Napoleon advanced,
Alexander I pulled back his
troops practicing a scorchedearth policy.
 Napoleon decided to retreat in
October.
 Russia attacked the French
army.
 Napoleon lost 410,000 soldiers
in less than 6 months.
Napoleon’s Downfall
 Britain, Russia, Prussia,
Sweden and even Austria,
were quick to attack Napoleon
while he was weak.
 All the main European powers
were now at war with France.
 Prussian and Russian troops
attacked the French capital.
 Napoleon’s generals refused
to fight.
 1814 – Napoleon surrendered
and gave up his throne.
 He was exiled to Elba.
Napoleon Returns
 Louis XVI’s brother, Louis XVIII, took
over.
 Unpopular, suspected to undo the
reforms
 Napoleon escapes from Elba and
volunteers quickly join his army.
 Within days, he was the emperor,
again.
 1815 - His army attacks the British at
Waterloo.
 British and Prussia defeat
Napoleon.
Hundred Days
 This defeat ended
Napoleon’s last bid for
power, called the Hundred
Days.
 The British shipped
Napoleon to St. Helena, an
island in the South Atlantic.
 Lived in exile for six years
where he died.
 Napoleon’s defeat opened
the door for the freed
European countries to
establish a new order.