Transcript Gwybodaeth - Sue Palmer

Gwybodaeth
Sue Palmer
Addasiad Cymraeg gan Delyth Eynon
Mae testun gwybodaeth
yn disgrifio sut mae pethau (neu sut roedd pethau’n
arfer bod)
** Does dim angen ysgrifennu yn nhrefn amser
Dyma enghreifftiau lle mae
testun adroddiad yn cael ei
ddefnyddio...
llythyr
prosiect
ysgol ar
thema
neu bwnc
arbennig
teithlyfr i
dwristiaid
catalog
gwybodaeth
darn o
wybodaeth
mewn
gwyddoniadur
taflen
wybodaeth
erthygl
mewn
cylchgrawn
llyfr ffeithiol
(e.e.
daearyddiaeth)
Cynllun Gwybodaeth 1
gwybodaeth syml
Pwnc
gwybodaeth
wedi ei
threfnu
mewn
categorïau
prif
bwyntiau o
fewn y
categori
rhagor o wybodaeth os oes angen
Cynllun Gwybodaeth 1
Cyflwyniad
Beth? Pwy? Ble? Pryd?
Paragraff
Rhan
Paragraff
Rhan
}1
}2
ac yn y blaen
Ar ôl i chi wneud eich sgerbwd ar gyfer y ‘gwe
geiriau’, gallwch ddefnyddio pob coes i ysgrifennu
paragraff (neu adran o dan is-bennawd).
Cynllun Gwybodaeth 2
gwybodaeth sy’n cymharu gwahanol bwyntiau
categorϊau
e.e. 1
cymhariaeth syml
Ar ôl i chi wneud
eich grid,
ysgrifennwch
baragraff am bob
pwynt lle rydych
chi’n cymharu dau
beth.
e.e. 2
trefnu’r testun
e.e. 3
Ar ôl i chi wneud
eich grid,
ysgrifennwch am
bob enghraifft o
dan bob categori.
ac yn y blaen
Nodweddion iaith Gwybodaeth
* yr amser presennol
(heblaw am
adroddiadau
hanesyddol)
* enwau cyffredin
(nid enwau pobl,
anifeiliaid a
phethau penodol)
*y trydydd person
*disgrifiadau ffeithiol
*geiriau ac ymadroddion
technegol
*iaith ffurfiol
Cynulleidfa
rhywun sydd am wybod am:
- y pwnc
- agwedd arbennig
ar y pwnc
Pwrpas
trefnu ac
ysgrifennu’r
ffeithiau fel eu
bod yn hawdd eu
ffeindio a’u deall
* Efallai y bydd gennych fwy o
wybodaeth am oed a diddordebau’r
darllenydd.
Cynllunio i ysgrifennu gwybodaeth
* TANIO SYNIADAU - meddwl am yr hyn rydych
chi’n ei wybod yn barod (a chwilio am fwy o
wybodaeth os oes angen)
* TREFNU’R WYBODAETH yn gategorϊau
* Gwneud GWE GEIRIAU
Corff
•Ysgrifennwch y pwnc
yn y canol ac un
categori ar bob coes
Cynefin
Arferion
Cylch
Bywyd
Y
Broga
Bwyd
Pan fyddwch yn ysgrifennu gyda
phartner, cofiwch...
*
YMARFER
*
Dywedwch bob ymadrodd
neu frawddeg yn uchel
Ceisiwch wella eich
gwaith, os yw’n bosib
YSGRIFENNU
AILDDARLLEN
Un i ysgrifennu
ac un i helpu
Darllenwch dros y gwaith i
wneud yn siwr ei fod yn
swnio’n iawn ac yn gwneud
synnwyr.
Rhagor o
‘sgerbydau’ i’ch
helpu i wneud
nodiadau
Gwybodaeth
Gwybodaeth gymharol
Diagram o ran pwysigrwydd neu
drefn
Diagram Venn
Nodiadau ‘post-it’
un pwynt
symud y
penderfynu
ar bob
darnau o
ar y drefn
‘post-it’
gwmpas
orau
Posteri Ysgrifennu Gwybodaeth
Pamffled Ysgrifennu Gwybodaeth
Pamffled Ysgrifennu Gwybodaeth
Hunanasesu Ysgrifennu Gwybodaeth
Ydy’ch gwaith chi’n cynnwys:

Teitl – yn cyfleu’r cynnwys

Cyflwyniad a pharagraff agoriadol

Paragraff i bob pwynt

Brawddeg / paragraff i gloi
Ydych chi wedi defnyddio:

Iaith ffurfiol – ffurfiau amhersonol

Amser presennol

Y trydydd person (unigol neu luosog)

Disgrifiadau ffeithiol

ansoddeiriau

Cymariaethau
Ydy
Nac ydy
Ydw
Nac ydw
Enghreifftiau
Ysgrifennu
Gwybodaeth
Enghraifft o destun gwybodaeth
Y Broga
Anifail bach amffibaidd yw’r broga. Mae amffibiaid yn
medru byw ar y tir ac yn y dŵr.
Corff tew heb wddwg sydd gan y broga, ac mae ganddo
goesau cefn hir cyhyrog a choesau blaen byr. Mae gan
nifer o frogaod dafodau hir gludiog sy’n tasgu allan i
ddal gwybed pan fyddan nhw angen bwyd.
Croen llaith seimllyd, heb flew, sydd gan y broga. Mae
rhai mathau o frogaod yn gallu newid lliw eu croen er
mwyn cuddio oddi wrth eu gelynion.
Enghraifft o destun gwybodaeth parhad
Yn y gwanwyn, mae’r broga’n dodwy wyau, mewwn grifft,
a chydag amser mae’r rhain yn deor yn benbyliaid. Yn
raddol, mae’r penbyliaid yn newid yn frogaod.
Metamorffosis yw’r enw ar hyn.
Mae garddwyr yn croesawu brogaod i’w gerddi
oherwydd maen nhw’n bwyta’r pryfed sy’n dinistrio’r
llysiau a’r blodau.
Examples of
‘skeletons’
in use
Taken from ‘How to teach Writing Across the
Curriculum’ (KS1/2) by Sue Palmer, with many thanks to
David Fulton Publishers
OUR SCHOOL
Our school is called Lee Park Primary, and it is in Longton near York. Lee Park
has seven classes, from reception to Year 6, and there are 198 pupils in the
school. It was built in 1965.
Lee Park has a big playground, with special sections for the infants and
juniors. In the infant playground there are lots of shapes painted on the
ground, like hopscotch squares and a map of Britain, for people to play on.
There is also a special area for sitting quietly. The junior playground has play
areas marked out as well, including football and netball pitches.
We also have a school field. This is next to the school down a little lane. In
the summer we are allowed to play on the field too, but in winter it is too
muddy. However, when it snows, Mrs Carr (our headteacher) sometimes lets
us go on the field.
The school has a large school hall that we use for assembly and some lessons,
such as gym and drama. We also use the hall for lunches. You can bring packed
lunch and sit at the back of the hall, or you can have school lunch. The dinner
ladies serve this on long wooden tables at the front of hall. The rest of the
time, the tables are stored in a cupboard.
Skeleton
Longton,
near York
Lee Park
Intro
hopscotch map
games
quiet area
198 pupils
7 classes
built 1967
infants
summer - play
Our School
playground
field
winter
juniors
football
netball
usually
no play
hall
assembly,
lessons
gym
drama
snow - play
lunch
packed
lunch
back
school lunch
front-tables (cupboard)
Text
Butterflies
Butterflies belong to the order of insects known as Lepidoptera. This means they have
scaly bodies and wings, and a feeding tube on the front of the head called proboscis,
coiled up when not in use. Their wings may be large, brightly coloured and patterned.
Butterflies are found in most parts of the world and different species are adapted to
the environments in which they live.
Like all insects, the butterfly’s body is divided into three parts: head, thorax
and abdomen. On the head are a pair of antennae, used for smelling, and two large
compound eyes. Three pairs of legs and two pairs of wings – fore and hind – grow from
the thorax. The wings are made of a very thin membrane, stretched over a network of
‘veins’, in the same way as the skin of an umbrella is stretched over the frame. Tiny
overlapping scales on the membrane give the wings their pattern and colour.
Male butterflies tend to be more brightly coloured than the females but the
females are larger. They also have bigger wings, enabling them to fly even when they are
carrying a heavy burden of eggs. A female butterfly may lay up to 3,000 eggs, always
choosing an appropriate plant for the caterpillars to feed on. However, usually only one or
two eggs out of a hundred hatch out and many others die as they grow through the
stages of larva (caterpillar) and chrysalis (pupa) to become an imago (adult butterfly).
The imago usually has a lifespan of only a few weeks. It feeds on nectar from
flowers or other sweet food, such as over-ripe fruit, which it sucks up through the
proboscis. This food provides energy to fly and reproduce, but most butterflies do not
need any body-building foods to see them through their short lives. In fact, a few
species have mouthparts that do not open so they cannot feed.
1.
2.
3.
1. Brainstorm
wings
caterpillar
chrysalis
insect
lays eggs
Butterflies
six legs
short life
antennae
nectar
sucks through tube
Text
2.
3.
2. Organise into categories
insect features
group?
definition
wings
characteristics
insect
Butterflies
feeding
reproduction
eggs
leaves
tube
lifecycle
nectar
Text
1.
3.
3. Spidergram
(adding to information from 2 though further readings)
coiled proboscis
scales/veins
scaly body/wings
insect features
Lepidoptera
definition
wings
characteristics
insect
male/female
differences
reproduction
3,000 max eggs
leaves
1/100
survive
don’t need much for
short life span
Butterflies
lifecycle
feeding
nectar
over-ripe
fruit
Text
proboscis
1.
2.
BUTTERFLY
Scientific name: Lepidoptera
Butterflies are insects with two pairs of brightly coloured, patterned wings. Their
bodies and wings are covered in tiny scales – it is the scales that give the wings their
pattern. They feed through a tube on the head called a proboscis, which is coiled
when not in use.
By travelling from flower to flower to such up the nectar, butterflies help
with pollination. They pick up the pollen on their abdomen in the flower and it brushes
off on another.
forewings
antennae
head
compound eyes on
either side of head
2 pairs of
wings on
thorax
coiled
proboscis
hindwings
abdomen
Habitat
Feeding habits
Meadows,
woodland,
gardens
Herbivorous:
nectar from
flowers; ripe fruit
thorax
Life Cycle
100s of eggs
→ caterpillars
→ pupa
→ adult (imago)
3 pairs of legs
on thorax
Predators
Birds, bars,
spiders,
lizards, etc.
Classification
Butterfly
Worm
Woodlouse
Insect
Lepidoptera
Key facts
1. scales and
coiled
proboscis 2.
helps
pollination
Habitat
Feeding habits
Life cycle
Meadows
woodlands
gardens
Herbivorous –
nectar ripe
fruit
100s of eggs
→ caterpillars
→ pupa
→ adult
(imago)
Predators
Birds, bats,
spiders,
frogs,
lizards, small
mammals