Transcript Welcome to World History

WELCOME TO WORLD
HISTORY
Study of Mankind
Where do we begin?
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Firsts things first, lets test your knowledge and see
how you do with a few questions.
How many of you can read a time line?
How many of you can write a time line?
How many of you know the difference between B.C
and A.D. and what do they stand for?
What if I told you there are other ways of
expressing those parts of a time line?
What are they?
Definitions and Clarifications
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B.C.=Before Christ
A.D.=Anno Domini (or in the year of our lord)
B.C.E=Before Common Era
C.E.=Common Era.
Is there a year Zero?
Why is it important to know this?
Lets test your knowledge!
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Which of these dates is older
I.
2014 A.D. or 1980 A.D.
II.
2114 B.C. or 1980 B.C.
III.
1980 B.C. or 476 B.C.
IV.
2014 A.D. or 2014 B.C.
Lets see how you did?
I.
1980 A.D.
II.
2114 B.C.
III.
1980 B.C.
IV.
2014 B.C.
Millennia, Centuries and Decades.
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History is broken down
in to time.
Millennium's are
measured 1000 years.
Centuries are
measured 100 years.
Decades are
measured every 10
years.
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1st millennium is the
years 1-999
What millennium are
we in right now?
1st century is the years
1-99
What century are we
in now?
Lets test your knowledge.
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If I were to say
something was in the
2nd millennium BCE
what dates would that
put it in?
Between the dates of
1000-1999 BCE.
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If I were to say
something was in the
1st millennium CE what
years would that be?
Between the dates
1-999
Lets test your knowledge
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5th century BCE?
Between 400-499 BCE
9th century CE?
Between 800-899 CE
17th century BCE?
Between 1600-1699
BCE
21st century CE
Between 2000-2099 CE
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Just remember this rule
of thumb. What ever the
number if the century is,
the dates are always
one down from it.
1st century CE is from
1-99, so the 2nd century
CE is from 100-199.
Map Reading.
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Why is it important to take world geography
before you take world history?
What if I told you that we will be looking at maps
that do not have present day countries defined on
them.
Map Reading.
1. Look at the title.
2. Look at the writing on the map.
3. Try to discern where in the world this is and use
your geography for references.
Now something a little harder.
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What is the map showing you?
What else dose this map show you?
Why are there two different colors on this map?
What do the red dots mean?
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What other things are
important to know when
reading a map?
What is a map key?
What is a compass rose?
How do you tell the
difference between a
city and a country?
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Map key: This lets you
know what the symbols
on the map mean.
A compass rose tells you
the directions that are
N,E,S,W.
A city will usually have a
dot or something to
signify its existence were
a country of territory
will just have the word.
Key terms to know.
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Pre-History: The time of
humans before written
record.
How do we study a time
before history?
Archeology: the study of
things left behind by
previous people.
Artifact: The things that
are recovered from
previous civilizations and
places where humans have
lived.
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Fossils: These are the
remains of an animal,
including humans, that are
studied.
Anthropology: Study of
human life and culture.
Prehistory.
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Humans began around 190,000 years ago.
Early humans were nomads: they moved from place to
place.
Hominid: These are humans and creatures that walk on two
legs upright.
Homo Erectus to Homo Sapiens
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Homo Erectus: was
the first hominid
to leave Africa,
colonizing later
Eurasia (Europe
and Asia), then
evolved for a
greater brain
capacity and in
their ability to
create and use
tools.
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Homo Sapiens: Wise
humans.
Migration of Humans
Paleolithic Age
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Paleo=Old
Lithic=Stone
Paleolithic: Old stone
age dating from 2.5
million B.C.E to 10,000
B.C.E
(Hint: B.C.E.= Before
Common era)
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Nomads: People who
moved around in order
to find food to survive.
Can you name some
nomads you know of?
Hunting and
Gathering, who is
responsible for what?
Paleolithic Age
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What sets the Paleolithic human apart from all
others?
Why is it important to know about the spread of
humans?
What changes us from the nomadic people of the
past to the way we live today?
It was a REVOLUTION!!!
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Neo=new lithic=stone
The Neolithic Revolution
is what changed the
world for ever.
The Neolithic Revolution
consisted of two very
important aspects 1. The
domestication of
animals. 2. The
introduction of
systematic agriculture.
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Domestication:
Adaptation of animals
for human use.
What do you think was
the first domesticated
animal?
Systematic Agriculture:
Growing food on a
regular basis.
What do you think was
the first crop?
First Domesticated Animals
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http://en.wikipedia.or
g/wiki/List_of_domesti
cated_animals
First Crop to be farmed
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Emmer wheat
Einkorn wheat
Barley
Lentil
Pea
Chickpea
Bitter vetch
Flax
Why should we care?
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Why do you think the Neolithic Revolution is
important to human history?
What ramifications do you think it will have in the
course of human development?
It was VERY IMPORTANT!
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The Neolithic
Revolution gave rise to
many thing that would
shape our world.
Because of the
Neolithic Revolution
people would have
more free time.
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It would Create:
Artisans: People
Skilled in a certain
area of work.
It would allow for
permanent settlements.
It would allow for
surplus food and thus
increase population.
WAR!! (but why war)
It has begun!
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As people began to
permanently settle
they were able to
develop specific
culture.
Culture: A way of life
that certain people
living together follow.
Can you name some or
your cultural beliefs?
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You can create a
civilization.
Civilization: a complex
culture in which many
humans share the same
number of common
elements.
Civilization and its basic components
Civilization:
What does it
mean to be
civilized?
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Historians have
determined 6
characteristics of
civilization:
Cities
 Organized central
governments
 Complex religions
 Social classes
 Job specialization
and the arts
 Writing
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Cities
Early cities appeared
along rivers. These are
known as the ancient river
valley civilization
There are four of them:
Nile
Euphrates &
Tigris
Yellow
Indus
But why next to rivers?
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Why do you
think that these
early
civilizations set
up shop next to
rivers?
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2.
3.
Rivers provided:
Water supply for
drinking and
irrigation.
Transportation.
Water supply for
animals.
Centralized Government
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When civilizations first
started it was mainly
rules by the religious
leaders.
However as people
starting attacking each
other for goods and
slaves, military chiefs
and warlords became to
lead.
They would eventually
become kings.
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Monarch: King or Queen
Monarchy: A form of
government that is ruled
by a king or queen.
Theocracy: "rule by
god(s)" or human
incarnation(s) of god(s).
*Hint*: remember these
because you will see
these words again!
Centralized Government
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Governments became
more complex as new
responsibilities arose
such as:
 tax
collecting
 law making
 handling public works
projects
 organizing systems of
defense
Complex Religions
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Temples often built to
honor specific gods
and goddesses
Ancient Nile River Temple
Ancient Indus River Temple
Ancient Euphrates River Temple
Social Classes
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People ranked
according to their
profession
Chief
Priests
Nobles
Wealthy merchants
Artisans
Peasants/farmers
Slaves
Jobs and Specializations
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Artisans specialized in
various jobs, such as:
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Bricklayers
Blacksmiths
Bakers
Tailors
Jewelry Makers
Scribes
Created great
architecture and art
And last but note
least!
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Writing
Yellow River Valley Calligraphy
Probably first used by
priests
Earliest writing used Indus River
pictograms
Valley
Euphrates River
Valley
Cuneiform
Pictographs
Nile River
Hieroglyphs
Writing
Symbols later
added to represent
words and then
sounds
 Scribes were
specially trained to
read, write, and
record information
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This is the Rosetta Stone. It is
the reason that we can
understand ancient Egyptian
and Coptic languages.
Four River Valley Civilizations
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Mesopotamia
Located in between
the Euphrates and
Tigris Rivers.
Oldest known
civilization in the world
Also known as the
“Fertile Crescent”
Four River Valley Civilizations
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Egypt
Located on the Nile
river in Egypt.
Second Oldest Known
Civilization.
Known for it large
pyramids and Pharos.
Four River Valley Civilizations
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China (Shang Dynasty)
Located nest to the Yellow (Huang He) river.
Thought to be established by the Xia, but no records
exist
First Dynasty Shang
Created the “Mandate of Heaven”
Four River Valley Civilizations
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India
Located on the Indus
river.
Had running sewer
system long before
any other civilization.
Invented the Caste
System
Birth Place of Hinduism
and Buddhism
The Bronze Age
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The Bronze Age is a term used by historians for the
time in human history c. 3800 B.C.E.-1100 B.C.E.
It is called this because primary tools and weapons
were created from a mixture of Tin and Copper, It
was called bronze
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