Transcript Orgins of Writing Dawn of History PowerPoint

Egypt and Sumer
Origins of the Written Word
and the Dawn of History
Early Civilizations Unit – Mr. Hatch
What you will learn. . .
• The Origins of written language
• Concrete to Abstract
• History of Sumer and Egypt
• Early Civilizations Unit Vocabulary
• Deciphering Words
Read paragraph on pg. 13 – Life in a . . . .
More Concrete and Literal
Concrete to Abstract Ideas
Construct – something
constructed by the mind –
constructed meaning
More Concrete and Literal
More Abstract
Concrete – naming a real
thing or based on an actual
things or objects
More Abstract
Abstract – expressing
something apart from an
object – based on ideas
Literal - true to fact; not
exaggerated; actual or
factual: the primary or strict
meaning of the word or
words; not figurative or
metaphorical.
Chinese Character – “to listen”
The Chinese characters that make up the verb “to listen” tell us something
significant about the skill – An example of a very concrete form of writing.
EYES
UNDIVIDED
ATTENTION
HEART
Cuneiform – Wedge Shaped Writing of Ancient Sumer
cuneus – wedge (made from the edge of a
reed “pen”
form - shape
Cuneiform was often carved on
clay tablets.
(see page 31 – NEW World History Textbook)
Hieroglyphics – Sacred Carvings
hiero – sacred
glyph – carving
Hieroglyphic was a formal writing system used
by the ancient Egyptians that contained a
combination of logographic (ideographic) and
alphabetic elements. Egyptians used cursive
hieroglyphs for religious literature on papyrus
and wood. Less formal variations of the script,
called hieratic and demotic, are technically not
hieroglyphs.
Papyrus
Hieratic – Egyptian Shorthand
Hieratic
Hieratic was first used during the Protodynastic
Period, (3200 – 3000 B.C.) developing
alongside the more formal hieroglyphic script. It is
an error to view hieratic as a derivative of
hieroglyphic writing. The earliest texts from Egypt
are produced with ink and brush, with no indication
their signs are descendants of hieroglyphs. True
monumental hieroglyphs carved in stone did not
appear until the 1st Dynasty, well after hieratic had
been established as a scribal practice.
The two writing systems, therefore, are related,
parallel developments, rather than a single linear
one.
Hieratic was used throughout the pharaonic period
and into the Graeco-Roman period. However, after
about 660 BC, the Demotic script (and later Greek)
replaced hieratic in most secular writing, but hieratic
continued to be used by the priestly class for several
more centuries, at least into the third century A.D.
Oldest example of hieratic script used for a surgical
document, dated c. 1600 BC
(see page 32 – World History Textbook)
Demotic – Egyptian Shorthand of a Shorthand
Demotic Writing
Demotic writing saw its beginnings
during the 25th/26th Dynasty, 747
B.C. 525 B.C. This writing language
developed out of hieratic, as hieratic
developed from hieroglyphic, and was
more illegible and the strokes were
quicker than hieratic. Demotic texts
are never transcribed into hieroglyphs
because of the difficulty involved in
finding a lost image in a short hand of
a short hand. It was mostly used in
administrative and private texts, but
also in stories and inscriptions.
However, Demotic never replaced
hieratic completely. In fact, during the
height of demotic writing, hieratic was
still being used in religious texts.
(see page 32 – World History Textbook)
10 and 2 – “Exit Slip”
Read page 32 in the textbook
Questions:
1.Could we ever lose our language? Why or
Why not?
Think of cell phone shorthand - texting.
URGr8t – BFF
Slang
Ebonics Definition
2. What role does technology have in our
language? Does it help or harm?
Texting – Cell Phone Shorthand
B4N Bye for now
BFF Best friends forever
BRB Be right back
BTDT Been there, done that
BTW By the way
COZ Because
CUL8R See you later
EG Evil Grin
EZ Easy
FYI For your information
G2G Got to go
GR8 Great
GTG Got to go
HAND Have a nice day
IDK I don't know
ILY I love you
IM Instant messaging
IMHO In my humble opinion
K Okay
L8R Later
LOL Laughing out loud
MOS Mom over shoulder
NE Any
OMG Oh my gosh!
PLZ Please
POS Parent over shoulder
ROTFL Rolling on the floor laughing
RUOK? Are you okay?
SOS Sibling over shoulder
TMI Too much information
TMTH Too much to handle
TTFN Ta ta for now
U You
W/E Whatever
XOXO Hugs and kisses
Y Why
ZZZ Tired or bored
A lost language. . .
The Rosetta Stone – After the New Kingdom declined, Egyptians forgot their language. In the
1800’s French Scholar Jean Champollion discovered the Rosetta Stone which helped in
deciphering unknown hieroglyphics. The text of the Rosetta Stone is a decree from Ptolemy V,
describing the repealing of various taxes and instructions to erect statues in temples.
(see page 32 – World History Textbook)
10-2: Page 14 New World History Textbook
Making Inferences:
“Read Between the Lines”
Complete the History of Communication
Question 1-2
10-2 Conclusions?
Example:
• Writing cannot just be for the elite? Why?
• Answer: Easily Lost – Lower Class Can be Controlled –
Literacy =Freedom
10-2 Conclusions?
Example:
• Writing cannot just be for the elite? Why?
• Answer: Easily Lost – Lower Class Can be Controlled –
Literacy =Freedom
Others?
•Abstract Writing is quicker, more efficient, accurate, and provides a more precise interpretation –
less mistakes.
•Language is needed to meet the complex needs of society
•Cultures follow the pattern from concrete to abstract
•Everyone needs to learn how to communicate
•Language is always evolving
•Literacy is a natural right – Everyone should be literate
•Language evolves over long periods of time
•There are limits to speech
•Literacy allows us to make our lives better – Protest, Persuade
•Throughout history, more literacy = more freedom – we can change our government and ex.
Dictatorship and
Monarch to Democracy
Telephone Game