Transcript Slide 1

GCSE MODERN WORLD HISTORY
WEIMAR GERMANY
INTERACTIVE
1918-1933
WHY DID THE WEIMAR REPUBLIC
COLLAPSE IN 1933?
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3
SECTION 1
THE WEIMAR REPUBLIC 1918-1923
Learning Outcomes
By the end of this section you will know
what the Weimar Republic was and
how it was set up. You will learn about
the political and
economic
problems it
Learning
outcomes
faced and consider
whyyou
thewill
republic
are what
could have collapsed
know andbybe1923.
able
to do after the
learning activities
in this next section.
GCSE Modern World History
Weimar Germany 1918-1933
By
German
mid
army
the
returns to
However, the German
TheThe
Kaiser
and1918,
his
Generals
Berlin
commanders
after
defeat
of the
in the First
people were told to make
planning
a campaign
German
World
armyWar.
knew
War. the
even more sacrifices
First World
The First World
Warlost.
had a devastating because
impact onthey
Germany.
war was
were Throughout
winning.
THE WEIMAR REPUBLIC
4
the war, the German people
had been Abdicates
led to believe by their government
The Kaiser
that they were winning the war. However, by November 1918 their army
November
1918
was unable to carry on fighting.
The
sailors
at Kiel naval
base
mutinied,
9
November
11
November
8 NovemberThe
workers went on strike
anddate
the country
intoKaiser
chaos and bloody violence.
thatfellthe
The army commanders Germany
When defeat came,
in
th
Germany
The Kaiser,
the German Emperor, abdicated [resigned] on the 9
The
Kaiser
abdicated
is really
important
blamed
the
defeat
onbecomes
November
1918,
the and
the
surrenders
November
and
fled
to
Holland.
This
was
the
German
Revolution.
abdicates
new
Weimar
German
people
were
th November
because
helps
to
explain
one
On the 11the
1918,itGermany
surrendered,
signed
the Armistice
Weimar
signs
the
notnoprepared
for
it.
and the[resigns]
FirstGovernment.
WorldofWar
was
over.
Germany
longer
had
an
Emperor
Republic
the reasons
why the new Armistice
and became a republic. The republic was named after the city of Weimar
Weimar
where the first government
of theGovernment
new republic met.was
The government of
Germany was
called
the said
Weimar
Government.
Friedrich
Ebert became the
The
army
that
they
would
not
have
unpopular.
General Erich
General
Paul
von
Kaiser
first president of the Weimar Republic. He faced some very serious and
surrendered andWilhelm
that theII WeimarLudendorff
Hindenburg
difficult problems.
Government had ‘stabbed the army in the
GCSE Modern World History
back’ by signing the Armistice. Weimar Germany 1918-1933
POLITICAL PROBLEMS
Signing the
armistice and
the defeat in
the First World
start. War
The Weimar
The election
system of PR
and coalition
Thegovernments.
new republic
The government was
unpopular, ’November
Criminals’.
6
got off to a bad
government had serious
political problemsProblems
to dealwith
with between 1919 and 1923. The German people were
The Freikorps
the
new
convinced by the army that they could have carried on fighting
and lackinofthe war but the
Weimar
lawarmistice.
and order The
government had ‘stabbed
Constitutionthem in the back’ by signing the
Weimar
government was called ‘November
criminals’.
Things got even worse when they
POLITICAL
PROBLEMS
Germany
The Treaty
was
The
government
signed
the Treaty
of Versailles
in June 1919.
Germans were
outraged
that
they lost
Political
problems
are
problems
to
do
with
political
hated
theland and had to pay £6,600 million in reparations. They was
unablethe
to
10%
ofand
their
blamed
governed.
They
include
law
government how the country is problems
control the
Weimar
government
and
Ebert
for
this.
Ex-soldiers
expressed
their
anger
by
was blamed.
army.
1918and order,
popularity
of the
government
and to have the
keeping their weapons
and forming
Freikorps
groups.
They
demanded
1923
Revolts
the
election
system.
This
is aRathenau.
summary
Kaiser back and The
killed
government
ministersdiagram
like Walther
Treaty
of
WEIMAR GERMANY
of
Versailles
the
political
against the
the
Weimar
government
problems faced by
The Weimar constitution
had several
fundamental
The voting system of
government
between
1918weaknesses.
and 1923.
proportional representation meant that
small parties existed and coalition
Government
governments
hadthey
to be formed. Members
of the government There
oftenwere
argued
between
ministers
People showed
3
revolts
to
were
hated
the
themselves.
try to overthrow the
assassinated
government by
murdering ministers.
government.
GCSE Modern World History
Weimar Germany 1918-1933