Transcript bio 342 human physiology

ObamaCare
• 7 pm Wednesday,
McMillan Theater
• Dr. Moss will explain
“Obamacare”
Why should you know
about Obamacare?
Interviewers may ask
you about Obamacare
and your opinions of it!
1QQ#10 for 10:30
Choose two of the following false or misleading statements and make the appropriate corrections.
Be sure to write the number of the questions you choose.
1. In a person with acromegaly, high levels of GH, IGF1, and GHRH would indicate primary hyposecretion.
2. Endemic goiter is an example of secondary
hyposecretion.
3. During times of stress, elevated levels of cortisol
enhance inflammatory and immune responses.
4. Prolonged treatment with glucocorticoids can lead
to atrophy of the adrenal medulla.
5. Pithing the brain of a frog eliminates the wiping
reflex.
1QQ#10 for 11:30
Choose two of the following false or misleading statements and make the appropriate corrections.
Be sure to write the number of the questions you choose.
1. In a person with acromegaly, high levels of GH, IGF1, and GHRH would indicate primary hyposecretion.
2. Endemic goiter is an example of secondary
hyposecretion.
3. During times of stress, elevated levels of cortisol
enhance inflammatory and immune responses.
4. Prolonged treatment with glucocorticoids can lead
to atrophy of the adrenal medulla.
5. Pithing the brain of a frog eliminates the wiping
reflex.
S6
Why are NSAIDs preferable to
Glucocorticoids for treating inflammation and
arthritis?
Consider the HPA axis and the effects of
long-term dosing with glucocorticoids on
ACTH secretion and the Adrenal Cortex.
S6
Neurons? Endocrine cells? Neuroendocrine cells?
Neurons and endocrine cells are very involved in homeostasis. To Chapter 6!
6
Neurulation
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8
9
Dorsal root ganglion sensory (afferent) neuron cell body
Somatic motoneuron cell body
Autonomic motoneuron cell body (preganglionic)
Autonomic motoneuron cell body (ganglionic)
Interneuron cell body (all within CNS)
Role of Growth Cones
10
S 10
Communication in The Vertebrate NS
Reflexes require
some part of the
CNS (i.e. frog lab)
Blood pressure
Blood gases and pH
Muscle stretch
Pain
Peripheral nerves are “mixed”
(have afferent & efferent axons)
Skin temperature
Hair movement
Light, Taste, Odor
Touch, Pain,
Temperature, Etc.
Signaling over short and long distances
Dimensions of neurons
S 11
If Nodes of Ranvier are 1 mm apart:
How many Schwann cells to
myelinate the 2 meters of a sensory
axon from hoof to dorsal root
ganglion near spinal cord?
How many oligodendries to
myelinate the 2 meters of the
sensory axon ascending in spinal
cord to brain?
Sensory (afferent)
neurons from hoof
to brain
Descending neurons
(corticospinal interneurons)
from brain to spinal cord
S 12
Fig. 06.03
Orthograde =
anterograde
retrograde
Axonal Transport
• Orthograde = Anterograde = from soma
to terminals
– slow……1-2 mm/day
– fast …..200-400 mm/day (kinesin)
• Retrograde = from terminals to soma
– fast….200-400 mm/day (dynein)
• What gets transported and why?
• Axonal transport is too slow for rapid
signaling, so…
S 13
Who
Cares?
Alayna Davis
October 1992 Age 5 October 31, 1992
October 1998