Transcript Neurology - wsscience

Neurology – Chap. 12 &
13
Where does a stimulus enter the
neuron?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Cell body
Dendrites
Axons
Myelinated sheath
a)
b)
c)
d)
The two major anatomical subdivisions of
the nervous system are:
Central and peripheral nervous system
Somatic and autonomic nervous system
Neurons and neuroglia
Afferent division and efferent division
a)
b)
c)
d)
The central nervous system consists of:
Afferent and efferent division
Somatic and visceral division
Brain and spinal cord
Autonomic and somatic division
a)
b)
c)
d)
Neurons are responsible for
Creating a 3-D framework for the CNS
Performing repairs in damaged neural
tissue
Information transfer and processing in
the nervous system
Controlling the interstitial environment
a)
b)
c)
d)
The region of a neuron with voltagegated sodium channels is the:
Soma
Dendrite
Perikaryon
Axon hillock
a)
b)
c)
d)
Neurons are classified on the basis of
their structure as:
Astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia,
ependymal
Anaxonic, unipolar, bipolar, multipolar
Efferent, afferent, association,
interneurons
Motor, sensory, association, interneurons
The types of glial cells in the central
nervous system are:
a) Astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia,
ependymal cells
b) unipolar, bipolar, multipolar cells
c) Efferent, afferent, association cells
d) Motor, sensory, interneuron cells
a)
b)
c)
d)
Depolarization of the membrane will shift
the membrane potential toward:
-90 mV
-85 mV
-70 mV
0 mV
a)
b)
c)
d)
If resting membrane potential is -70mV
and the threshold is -60 mV, a membrane
potential of -62 mV will:
Produce an action potential
Depolarize the membrane to 0 mV
Repolarize the membrane to -80 mV
Not produce and action potential
a)
b)
c)
d)
If the resting membrane potential -70 mV,
a hyperpolarized membrane is:
0 mV
-80 mV
+30 mV
-65 mV
a)
b)
c)
d)
A node along the axon represents an
area where there is
A layer of fat
Interwoven layers of myelin and protein
A gap in the cell membrane
An absence of myelin
a)
b)
c)
d)
The larger the diameter of an axon:
The slower an action potential is
conducted
The faster an action potential is
conducted
The greater the number of action
potentials
The less effect it will have on action
potential conduction
a)
b)
c)
d)
Chemical synapses differ from electric
synapses because chemical synapses:
Contain integral proteins
Involve a neurotransmitter
Involve direct physical contact between
cells
Propagate action potentials quickly and
efficiently
a)
b)
c)
d)
The normal stiumulus for
neurotransmitter release is the
depolarization of the synaptic knob by
the:
Release of calcium ions
Binding of Ach receptor sites
Opening of voltage-regulated channels
Arrival of an action potential
a)
b)
c)
d)
An excitatory postsynaptic potential
(EPSP) is:
An action potential complying with the
all-or-none principle
A result of a stimulus strong enough to
produce threshold
The same as a nerve impulse along an
axon
A depolarization produced by the arrival
of a neurotransmitter
a)
b)
c)
d)
An inhibitory postsynaptic potential
)IPSP) is a:
Depolarization produced by the effect of
a neurotransmitter
Transient hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic membrane
Repolarization produced by the addition
of multiple stimul
Reflection of the activation of an
opposing transmembrane potential
a)
b)
c)
d)
Sensory neurons are responsible for
carrying impulses:
To the CNS
Away from the CNS
To the PNS
Away from the PNS
a)
b)
c)
d)
Interneurons, or associated neurons,
differ from sensory and motor neurons
because of their:
Structural characteristics
Inablility to generate action potentials
Exclusive location in the brain and spinal
cord
Functional capabilities
a)
b)
c)
d)
The type of nerve cells that surround the
nerve cell bodies in peripheral ganglia
are:
Schwann celss
Satellite cellls
Microglia
oligodendrocytes
a)
b)
c)
d)
Schwann cells are glial cells responsible
for:
Producing a complete meurilemma
around peripheral axons
Secretion of cerebrospinal fluid
Phagocytic activities in the neural tissue
Surrounding nerve cell bodies in
peripheral ganglia
a)
b)
c)
d)
Saltatory conduction conducts impulses along
an axon:
2-3 times more slowly than continuous
conduction
5-7 times faster than continuous conduction
At a rate determined by the strength of the
stimulus
At a velocity determined by the rate at which
the stimulus is applied
a)
b)
c)
d)
The main functional difference between
the autonomic nervous system & the
somatic nervous system is that the
activities of the ANS are:
Primarily voluntary controlled
Primarily involuntary controlled
Involved with affecting skeletal muscle
activity
Involved with carrying impulses to the
CNS
a)
b)
c)
d)
The cervical enlargement of the spinal
cord supplies nerves to the:
Shoulder girdle and arms
Pelvis and legs
Thorax and abdomen
Back and lumbar region
a)
b)
c)
d)
The meningial layer firmly bound to
neural tissue and deep to the other
meninges is the:
Pia mater
Dura mater
Arachniod membrane
Epidural space
a)
b)
c)
d)
Spinal nerves are classified as mixed
nerves because they contain:
Both dorsal and ventral roots
White matter and gray matter
Ascending and descending pathways
Both sensory and motor fibers
a)
b)
c)
d)
The epidural space is an area that
contains:
Blood vessels and sensory and motor
fibers
Loose connective tissue, blood vessels,
adipose tissue
A delicate network of collagena dn elastic
fibers
The spinal fluid
a)
b)
c)
d)
Pain receptors are literally the:
Dendrites of sensory neurons
Axons of motor neurons
Activators of motor neurons
Axons of sensory neurons