Transcript The Nervous System

10
The Nervous System
DQ 20 2-3-06
• Draw a neuron and label
all the parts.
• Get out your frog book to
be turned in
There are two systems that make
up the
Nervous System
1. The Central Nervous System (CNS): Brain,
and Spinal Cord
2. The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS):
Nerves (communication pathways)
CNS or PNS?
The Peripheral
Nervous System
Nerve cells called, NEURONS, send electrical signals
throughout your body.
Electrical signal = Impulse
Neuron
Terminal Buttons
Cell body
2 Types of Neurons
Sensory
Motor
Two Types of Neurons
1. Sensory neurons: send messages to the central nervous
system such as light, taste, smell, touch, hunger, thirst
2. Motor neurons: Motor means, “to move.” Motor neurons
control muscles throughout your body. Signals from the central
nervous system cause muscles to contract or relax, thus
causing movement.
Nerves, Neurons and the CNS
Spinal Cord
Nerve
Muscle Fiber
Axon
The Central Nervous System
The CNS consists of your brain and spinal cord.
Your brain has three main areas:
1. Cerebrum
2. Cerebellum
3. Medulla
Your Brain
1. Cerebrum: controls your thinking and memories (right and left
hemispheres) The left hemisphere controls the right side of your body
and the right hemisphere controls the left side of your body.
2. Cerebellum: controls your balance
3. Medulla: receives signals from blood vessels and controls blood
pressure, heart rate, and involuntary breathing.
The Spinal Cord
Your Spinal Cord
The spinal cord is made up of
neurons.
The vertebrae protect your spinal
cord which is about the diameter
of your thumb.
The spinal cord allows your brain
to communicate with your PNS
Spinal cord injuries
Christopher Reeves
Answer the Following Questions in Your
Science Notebook
1. What part of the brain do you use to do your math homework?
2. What part of the brain do you mostly use to create a drawing?
3. What part of the brain helps a basketball player maintain her balance while
driving for a lay-up?
4. What part of the body protects the spinal cord? To which body system
does this body part belong?
5. Explain how the peripheral nervous system connects to the central
nervous system.
6. If a spider is crawling up your left arm, which cerebral hemisphere controls
the movement that you will use to knock it off?
7. How does the nervous system help your cells get oxygen?
8. How does the nervous system help your cells get energy?
Nervous System Activity
• Do students who play video games have
quicker reflexes?
• Develop a hypothesis:
• Make a chart
• Test it
Example
Rate the person: 1- does not play video games, 2-plays about 1-2 hours a
week, 3- plays about 4-5 hours a week, 4- plays 6-7 hours a week, 5plays more than 8 hours a week
Name
Scale
1st try
2nd try
3rd try
Average