Transcript Cognition
Information processing in the human brain lecturer: Thorsten Rühl My Motivation Why did I choose this topic ? Your Motivation Why should YOU listen to this presentation? • YOU have a brain … (everybody) • YOU´re using you´re brain … (hopefully) • YOU don´t know anything about it !!! (surely) … so … YOU should be interested ! ;) OVERVIEW • Short Introduction • Signal Processing • Brain Circuits • Functional Brain Areas • Cognition Short Introduction • interdisplinartity of neurosience biologie: the brain assembly physics: signal processing medicine: the vital functions computer sience: the mechanisms philosophy: the brain spirit problem Signal Processing • cells in our brain: • glia-cells and neurons • neurons: data processing unit • I/O: dendrites and the axon • neural impulse (one way) • action potential Signal Processing • the synapse and the synaptic gap • we already know • the impulse arrives • verticels release neurotransmitter (dopamin) • exicatory and inhibitory synapses Brain - Circuits • neuronal network (a natural and mighty one) • 100 billion neurons -> 1 trillion contacts • neurons interconnect to solve complex problems • stable period (oscilation) „TaskSwitch“ every 30 ms => 33,3 Hz Interesting Facts • 50 % of the human genome used to build the brain • all neuronal links are build after birth, unused links get lost • 2 % body mass -> 20% energy consumption Functional Brain Areas • Functions are not local restricted just focused hearing (auditory cortex): • both: information from both ears • left: understanding and speaking • right: processing of spacial information Functional Brain Areas • Funktions are not local restricted just focused sigth (visual cortex): • most space is used for sensory stimulus from the centres of both retinas Functional Brain Areas • Functions are not local restricted just focused primary motor cortex: Initation of voluntary movement primary somatosensory cortex tactile information (pain, pressure, Position, movement temperature) Functional Brain Areas pr. motor cortex pr. somatosensory cortex Left side of the head Cognition • the scene • the view • forms and shapes PICTURE DESK TOP WINDOW CARPET Cognition • Cognition in 3 Steps: 1. sensorical perception 2. cognition 3. classification Cognition • sensorical perception: stimulation by the ambience converting the physikal energy (light) in neuronal (retina-signals) activity Cognition • cognition characteristics of the object example: the picture is recognized as rectancle contrary to the retina information Cognition • classification the characteristics of the object-funktion (associate information about the object) example: • The picture is hanging on the wall • The picture is drawn to be watched other mental processes expectations,knowledge motivation top down Cognition classification bottom up pattern recognition cognition stimulation organisation,depth, constance sens. perception Cognition • Illusions sensorical perception: Cognition • Illusions cognition: white background or white foreground? Cognition • Illusions classification: same shape different interpretation QUESTIONS ?? THE END