Transcript Bonding and Nomenclature

Bonding and Nomenclature
Term: _______________________ 1 2 3 4
Define (in your own words):
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
Draw:
covalent bond:
• the attraction of two atoms
for a shared pair of
electrons.
Understanding Level
covalent bond:
• (define in your own words)
• Draw your picture:
1234
ion:
• an atom or group of
combined atoms that has
a charge because of the
loss or gain of electrons.
ion:
Understanding Level
1234
• (define in your own words)
• Draw your picture:
ionic bond:
• the strong attractive force
between ions of opposite
charge – electrons are
transferred. Usually
occurs between a metal
and a nonmetal.
Understanding Level
ionic bond:
• (define in your own words)
• Draw your picture:
1234
polyatomic ion:
• an ion that consists of two
or more different elements
.
Understanding Level
polyatomic ion:
• (define in your own words)
• Draw your picture:
1234
valence electron:
• an electron in the
outermost shell of an
atom.
Understanding Level
valence electron:
• (define in your own words)
• Draw your picture:
1234
Demo
Mg 2+
Cl –
Cl –
=
MgCl2
Mg + HCl  MgCl2 + H2
Al
3+
SO4
2-
.According to this information, what is the
chemical formula for aluminum sulfate?
(Apr'04 11th - 23)
A.
AlSO4
B.
Al2(SO4)3
C.
Al3(SO4)2
D.
Al6SO4
B
Calcium (Ca2+) + Chloride (Cl-)  Calcium chloride
The chemical formula for calcium
chloride is _____. (Apr'04 11th - 38)
A.
Ca2Cl
B.
CaCl
C.
CaCl2
D.
Ca2Cl3
C
Alpha particles are one type of radioactivity.
These particles have a nucleus of two protons
and two neutrons but have no orbital
electrons. Based on this information, it can be
inferred that alpha particles are positive ions
of the element _____. (Apr'06 11th - 42)
A.
actinium
B.
curium
C.
radium
D.
helium
D
A certain atom has a nucleus containing six
protons and eight neutrons and has six
electrons orbiting the nucleus. This atom is a
form of the element _____. (Apr'06 11th - 53)
A.
silicon
B.
carbon
C.
magnesium
D.
calcium
B
Silver bromide is a type of halide. Halogens
or elements from group 17 in the periodic
table are necessary to form halide compounds.
Which of the following is the correct formula
for silver bromide? (cloned)
A.
SiBr4
B.
Si7Br
C.
Ag7Br
D.
AgBr
D
According to the periodic table, which of
these elements will form an ion with a –2
charge? (Jul'06 11th -34)
A.
S
B.
Mg
C.
F
D.
Rb
A
Calcium ions play an important role in the function
of neurons in the brain. Elements that are chemically
similar to calcium can interfere with the function of
neurons. Which of the following is most likely to
imitate calcium’s role in the function of neurons?
(Oct'05 11th -24)
A.
Sodium
B.
Potassium
C.
Strontium
D.
Rubidium
C
. Ca 2+ CO3 2-
Limestone is a sedimentary rock consisting
mostly of calcium carbonate. According to the
information above, what is the correct formula
for calcium carbonate? (cloned)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Ca2(CO3)2
CaCO3
Ca3CO2
Ca2CO3
B
.When ammonium nitrate is heated
to a high temperature, it
explosively breaks down into
dinitrogen monoxide and water.
What is the formula for dinitrogen
monoxide? (cloned)
A.
B.
C.
D.
NO
N2O
NO2
N2O5
B
According to the periodic table, which
element most readily accepts electrons?
(Spr'03 11th -23)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Fluorine
Nitrogen
Arsenic
Aluminum
A
. The bonding characteristics of oxygen are
most similar to the bonding characteristics of
_____. (Apr'06 11th -9 and Fall'05 11th -37)
A.
B.
C.
D.
hydrogen
silicon
helium
sulfur
D
Which of these elements is most likely to donate one
electron? (Apr'06 11th - 38)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Be
Cs
Rn
He
B
.The model above shows how an unidentified
element, X, forms covalent bonds with
oxygen. In which group on the periodic table
does Element X most likely belong?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Group 6
Group 12
Group 14
Group 18
C
In which model of the periodic table does the
shaded area show the location of elements that
require the least energy to lose one electron?
(Feb'06 11th - 21)
A
C
B
D
A
.The ionic compounds that result from
combining Group 2 and Group 16 elements
have a 1:1 ratio because _____. (Feb'06 11th -45)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Group 2 elements are electrically neutral
Group 2 elements have two valence electrons
Group 2 elements contain neutrons in the nucleus
Group 2 contains more elements than other groups
B